Effectiveness of Living Shorelines as an Erosion Control Method in North Carolina

Polk, Mariko A.; Eulie, Devon O.

doi:10.1007/s12237-018-0439-y

Cited by 31 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…These interventions typically involve working with nature, such as the modification or removal of artificial structures to allow the sea to re-inundate previously reclaimed land (commonly called "managed realignment"; French 2006;Masselink et al 2017;Mayer-Pinto et al 2017), or using vegetation, sand-fills and sand nourishment as coastal protection (Stive et al 2013;Hanley et al 2014;Morris et al 2018a). Where these soft designs are not possible, a combination of hard and soft techniques, such as "hybrid stabilisation" and "living shorelines" approaches, should be considered (Bilkovic and Mitchell 2013;Sutton-Grier et al 2015;Polk and Eulie 2018). Quite often in urbanised areas, however, the only feasible approach is to build hard structures due to lack of space and the immediate need to protect valuable urban infrastructure (Chee et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design catalogue for eco-engineering of coastal artificial structures: a multifunctional approach for stakeholders and end-users

et al. 2019

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Coastal urbanisation, energy extraction, food production, shipping and transportation have led to the global proliferation of artificial structures within the coastal and marine environments (sensu "ocean sprawl"), with subsequent loss of natural habitats and biodiversity. To mitigate and compensate impacts of ocean sprawl, the practice of ecoengineering of artificial structures has been developed over the past decade. Eco-engineering aims to create sustainable ecosystems that integrate human society with the natural environment for the benefit of both. The science of eco-engineering has grown markedly, yet synthesis of research into a user-friendly and practitioner-focused format is lacking. Feedback from stakeholders has repeatedly stated that a "photo user guide" or "manual" covering the range of eco-engineering options available for artificial structures would be beneficial. However, a detailed and structured "user guide" for eco-engineering in coastal and marine environments is not yet possible; therefore we present an accessible review and catalogue of trialled eco-engineering options and a summary of guidance for a range of different structures tailored for stakeholders and end-users as the first step towards a structured manual. This work can thus serve as a potential template for future eco-engineering guides. Here we provide suggestions for potential eco-engineering designs to enhance biodiversity and ecosystem functioning and services of coastal artificial structures with the following structures covered: (1) rock revetment, breakwaters and groynes composed of armour stones or concrete units; (2) vertical and sloping seawalls; (3) over-water structures (i.e., piers) and associated support structures; and (4) tidal river walls.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design catalogue for eco-engineering of coastal artificial structures: a multifunctional approach for stakeholders and end-users

et al. 2019

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“…To quantify the impacts of Hurricane Florence on estuarine shoreline erosion, in situ shoreline surveys were conducted using a high resolution (mm-accuracy) real-time kinematic (RTK)-GPS unit at 17 living shoreline projects and seven unaltered control shoreline segments along the North Carolina coastline. Geospatial analysis was conducted to determine shoreline change rate (SCR) relative to the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88; Eulie et al, 2013;Polk & Eulie, 2018). Pre-Hurricane Florence data were collected for all sites in June 2015 or in June and July 2017 (Table 2).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Living shorelines provide a range of ecological cobenefits and have been implemented with documented instances of success in restoring habitat and ecosystem functions, such as habitat provisioning (compared to hardened structures; Gittman, Peterson, et al, 2016;Scyphers et al, 2011) and shoreline stabilization (Gittman et al, 2014;Polk & Eulie, 2018;Smith et al, 2018). With respect to habitat provisioning, various studies have observed the capacity of living shoreline sites to mimic or enhance biomass and species diversity relative to natural sites (Currin et al, 2008;Gittman, Peterson, et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over a long term (years), living shorelines that include a seaward breakwater or sill have been shown to reduce the rate of lateral erosion (compared to unaltered shorelines) and in some instances facilitate shore zone building via lateral accretion (Polk & Eulie, 2018). However, there are limitations on the amount of wave energy reduction that can be provided by living shoreline sills, based on water level and sill construction Manis et al, 2014;Safak et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coastal resilience surges as living shorelines reduce lateral erosion of salt marshes

Polk

Gittman

Smith

et al. 2021

Integr Envir Assess & Manag

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This article is part of the special series "Incorporating Nature-based Solutions to the Built Environment." The series documents the way in which the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) targets can be addressed when nature-based solutions (NBS) are incorporated into the built environment. This series presents cutting-edge environmental research and policy solutions that promote sustainability from the perspective of how the science community contributes to SDG implementation through new technologies, assessment and monitoring methods, management best practices, and scientific research.

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“…The primary goal of living shorelines is to prevent coastal erosion-land loss due to wave activity and rising watersand studies show that they do this well (Currin et al 2017;Polk and Eulie 2018). In addition to increasing shoreline Figure 1.…”

Section: Benefits Of a Living Shorelinementioning

confidence: 99%

Living Shoreline Monitoring—How do I evaluate the environmental benefits of my living shoreline?

Reynolds

Stephens

Barry

et al. 2021

EDIS

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Living shorelines are structures made of natural materials such as oyster shell, sand, mangroves, salt marsh plants, and other organic materials built to protect properties from erosion. In addition to increasing shoreline stability, living shorelines enhance many valuable ecosystem functions. In this new 11-page publication of the UF/IFAS Department of Soil and Water Sciences, we provide homeowners, land managers, and Extension agents materials lists, protocols, and data sheets for measuring change in ecosystem function. Measuring and interpreting these measurements will help evaluate living shorelines projects as well as provide the foundation for monetarizing the value of these structures. Written by Laura K. Reynolds, Natalie C. Stephens, Savanna C. Barry, and Ashley R. Smyth.https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ss694

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Effectiveness of Living Shorelines as an Erosion Control Method in North Carolina

Cited by 31 publications

References 23 publications

Design catalogue for eco-engineering of coastal artificial structures: a multifunctional approach for stakeholders and end-users

Design catalogue for eco-engineering of coastal artificial structures: a multifunctional approach for stakeholders and end-users

Coastal resilience surges as living shorelines reduce lateral erosion of salt marshes

Living Shoreline Monitoring—How do I evaluate the environmental benefits of my living shoreline?

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