Effectiveness of Music Therapy Against Decreased Pain Levels Post-Heart Surgery: Scoping Review

Abstract

Heart disease is one of the major health problems worldwide, with common terms defined as coronary heart disease (CHD), peripheral artery disease, rheumatic heart disease, congenital heart disease, and venous thromboembolism, thus globally heart disease accounts for 31% of deaths. The increase in the incidence of heart disease in adults aged less than 20 years was overall 48% (121.5 million). The surgical procedure will certainly be associated with the patient's sensation of the pain felt. Inadequate pain management may delay postoperative recovery. Music therapy is defined as the use of music in clinical interventions that aim to fulfil physical, emotional, social, and cognitive needs. This study was aimed to conduct a review of the current novelty of the effectiveness of music therapy against decreased pain levels post-heart surgery. The literature search method uses the PubMed, EBSCO, ProQuest, and Science Direct databases. The total search result was 1,289 articles, five articles met the criteria for inclusion in the author's review. The conclusion of the review of the five articles that the administration of music therapy has a significant influence on the decrease in pain intensity, taking into account the focus on parts such as the length of music therapy action given for 30 minutes and the choice of music favoured by the patient, thus giving maximum effect during recovery.

Efektivitas Terapi Musik terhadap Kecemasan dan Nyeri Pasien Coronary Artery Bypass Graft

“…Durasi terapi musik sebaiknya selama 30 menit agar pasien merasa nyaman dan mencapai ke dalam bawah sadar. Jenis musik yang ingin diberikan adalah musik yang disukai pasien (pop, jazz, nyanyian rohani, dan lain-lain) agar pasien merasakan keselarasan musik dengan mood (suasana hati) yang diinginkan (Taupikurrahman & Sagiran, 2021). Terapi musik memiliki manfaat positif dalam menurunkan kecemasan dan nyeri secara signifikan pada pasien dengan operasi jantung.…”