Effectiveness of Two Pine Oils for Protecting Lodgepole Pine From Attack by Mountain Pine Beetle (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)

Richmond, Charles E.

doi:10.4039/ent1171445-11

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Our results on a dipteran species suggest that pine oil could modify the behavior of insects in a much more diverse taxonomic range than the forest coleopterans which have been the subject of previous research (Nijholt 1980;Nijholt et al 1981;Alfaro et al 1984;Richmond 1985). Although the DC,, of 0.1% is relatively high, Norpine-65 is a crude mixture.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…Pine oil (Norpine-65, Northwest Petrochemicals, Anacortes, WA, USA) is a derivative of paper pulp waste from pulp mills, and is a complex mixture of varying amounts of monoterpenes and other natural products. It acts as a non-insecticidal repellent and antifeedant for ambrosia beetles, bark beetles, and conifer-infesting weevils (Nijholt 1980;Nijholt et al 1981;Alfaro et al 1984;Richmond 1985). Our objective was to test pine oil as an oviposition deterrent that could prevent or reduce oviposition by D. antiqua.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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PINE OIL: AN OVIPOSITION DETERRENT FOR THE ONION MAGGOT, DELIA ANTIQUA (MEIGEN) (DIPTERA: ANTHOMYIIDAE)

et al. 1987

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Pine oil (Norpine-65, Northwest Petrochemicals) was assessed as an oviposition deterrent for gravid female onion maggots, Delia antiqua (Meigen), in two types of laboratory experiments. When given a choice for 24 h between a control onion half treated with hexane and an onion half treated with pine oil in hexane, the females oviposited preferentially on or around the control onion half. In a no-choice experiment the females laid over three times as many eggs on or around solvent control onions as on or around onions treated with 1.0% pine oil. The DC50 (deterrent concentration50) was calculated to be 0.09%. The results suggest that pine oil (or its constituents) may have potential as an oviposition deterrent under field conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PINE OIL: AN OVIPOSITION DETERRENT FOR THE ONION MAGGOT, DELIA ANTIQUA (MEIGEN) (DIPTERA: ANTHOMYIIDAE)

et al. 1987

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“…The close association of xylem resin of pines with the success or failure of bark beetle attack has been studied for a long time, starting with observations by A. D. Hopkins (1909), followed by early experimental work by Miller (1950), Callaham (1955), Vité and Wood (1961), and by experimental breeding and bioassay by Smith (1982b). Richmond (1985) showed that pine oil-a liquid aggregate of pine resin extracts with limonene as the primary constituentcould, when applied as a spray to the trunk, protect P. contorta from attack by the Dendroctonus ponderosae. One interesting and dramatic exception to the protective function is the very different role that resin plays in the operation of bark beetle pheromones.…”

Section: General Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xylem monoterpenes of pines: distribution, variation, genetics, function

Smith¹

2000

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The monoterpenes of about 16,000 xylem resin samples of pine (Pinus) species and hybrids-largely from the western United States-were analyzed in this long-term study of the resistance of pines to attack by bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), with special emphasis on resistance to the western pine beetle (Dendroctonus brevicomis). The samples were analyzed by gas liquid chromatography, and the results reported are expressed as normalized monoterpene composition. Optical isomers were not separated. The study covered (a) 19 pine species in California, (b) 86 pine hybrids and 26 parent species at the Pacific Southwest Research Station's Insitute of Forest Genetics, (c) 21 half sibling populations of Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws., (d) 56 full sibling populations of P. ponderosa, (e) interspecific and intraspecific pine grafts, (f) effects of procedural parameters, and (g) bioassay of resistance to Dendroctonus brevicomis. The results suggested that (a) these monoterpenes and associated hydrocarbons were primarily controlled by genes in pine xylem-hepane, undecane, α-pinene, ß-pinene, 3-carene, sabinene, myrcene, limonene, ßphellandrene-and evidence strongly suggested a pair of additive alleles for each monoterpene that competes with each other for a fixed amount of a fivecarbon precursor; (b) all of these might also be produced by isomerization and possibly may be byproducts of biosynthesis of other monoterpenes; (c) the quantity of all these can be modified by several environmental factors often associated with forms of stress, and possibly by other minor genetic factors; an (d) these monoterpenes were not controlled by genes in pines but are probably the results of isomerization and byproducts of biosynthesis: α-thujene, nonane, camphene, γ-terpenene, ocimene, α-phellandrene, and terpinolene.

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“…They did not mention phytotoxicity. Richmond (1985) sprayed lodgepole pines in Colorado to a height of 5 m with Norpine-and BBR-2 but did not report any phytotoxicity.…”

Section: Phytotoxicity Of Bbr-2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Field Tests of Pine Oil as a Repellent for Southern Pine Bark Beetles

Nod¹,

Hastings²,

Jones³

1990

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An experimental mixture of terpene hydrocarbons derived from wood pulping, BBR-2, sprayed on the lower 6 m of widely separated southern pine trees did not protect nearby trees from southern pine beetle attacks. Whether treated trees were protected from southern pine beetle was inconclusive. The pine oil mixture did not repel lps from treated trees or nearby untreated trees. Black turpentine beetles were attracted either by pine oil or by the resinosis and injury of the host caused by the pine oil. The pine oil was phytotoxic to treated trees, causing resinosis, mottling of the inner phloem and outer xylem tissue, and mortality. This is the first report of phytotoxicity to conifers.

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Effectiveness of Two Pine Oils for Protecting Lodgepole Pine From Attack by Mountain Pine Beetle (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)

Cited by 5 publications

References 22 publications

PINE OIL: AN OVIPOSITION DETERRENT FOR THE ONION MAGGOT, DELIA ANTIQUA (MEIGEN) (DIPTERA: ANTHOMYIIDAE)

PINE OIL: AN OVIPOSITION DETERRENT FOR THE ONION MAGGOT, DELIA ANTIQUA (MEIGEN) (DIPTERA: ANTHOMYIIDAE)

Xylem monoterpenes of pines: distribution, variation, genetics, function

Field Tests of Pine Oil as a Repellent for Southern Pine Bark Beetles

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