Effects and interaction mechanism of soybean 7S and 11S globulins on anthocyanin stability and antioxidant activity during in vitro simulated digestion

Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of soybean 7S and 11S globulins on the stability and antioxidant capacity of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) in the simulated gastrointestinal environment, and further to elucidate their interaction mechanism. The stability and total content of anthocyanins (ACNs) before and after simulated digestion were determined by Ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopic and pH differential methods, respectively, and free radical scavenging activity of C3G after simulated digestion were measured using ABTS and DPPH assays. The interaction mechanism was further investigated using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation. The analysis results showed that soybean 7S and 11S globulins had a protective effect on the stability of C3G during simulated digestion and improved the antioxidant capacity of C3G after simulated digestion. Soybean 11S globulin had a better effect than soybean 7S globulin in protecting the stability and antioxidant capacity of C3G against simulated gastrointestinal environment. In silico results showed that the binding interactions between C3G and 7S and 11S globulins were mainly hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces, followed by hydrophobic interactions. Among them, ASN69 and THR101 are the key amino acid residues for 7S–C3G binding, and THR82 and PRO86 are the key amino acid residues for 11S–C3G binding. The results suggested that it may be helpful to use soybean 7S and 11S globulins as carriers to improve the stability and antioxidant activity of ACNs.

Exploring the binding effects and inhibiting mechanism of hyperoside to lipase using multi-spectroscopic approaches, isothermal titration calorimetry, inhibition kinetics and molecular dynamics

“…The ligand structure of HYP (CID: 5281643) was gained from PubChem with energy minimized. 33 Lipase was defined as a receptor. All water molecules and non-polar hydrogen atoms in lipase were removed, and the polar and hydrogen atoms were added simultaneously.…”

Protein‐binding approaches for improving bioaccessibility and bioavailability of anthocyanins

“…Both soybean 7S and 11S globulins forming protein–anthocyanin complexes exerted a protective effect on the stability of C3G during simulated digestion. Soybean 11S protein provides better protection, possibly due to its different hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions (Zheng et al., 2021). Among other soybean protein categories, 11S (glycinin) and 7S (β‐conglycinin) make up more than 80% of total proteins and their structural differences lead to different physicochemical functions (Y. Yang et al., 2021).…”

“…Therefore, this approach suggests an interesting strategy to delivering nutrients since the ANC-soy proteins are stable nanoparticles with improved antioxidant capacity. Another example of soy protein applied as carrier to protect anthocyanins was conducted by Zheng et al (2021) who used a static in vitro GIT digestion model to assess the effect of soybean 7S and 11S globulins on the bioaccessibility of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G). Both soybean 7S and 11S globulins forming protein-anthocyanin complexes exerted a protective effect on the stability of C3G during simulated digestion.…”

Evaluation of Antioxidant Activities from a Sustainable Source of Okara Protein Hydrolysate Using Enzymatic Reaction

“…The frequency of bioactivity of the peptide fragments generated by specified enzymes and the theoretical degree of hydrolysis were used to calculate the quantitative value of bioactive peptides derived from collagen (DHt). To assess the hydrolysate’s additional bioactivity, numerous dietary sources were hydrolyzed in silico to generate bioactive peptides [ 9 , 10 , 11 ].…”