Effects of 6 months of aerobic and resistance exercise training on carotid artery intima media thickness in overweight and obese older women

jinkee, Park; Park, Hyuntea

doi:10.1111/ggi.12972

Cited by 22 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Regular PA was also found to delay the progression of CIMT in patients with coronary heart disease [ 28 ], in patients with stage 1 hypertension [ 29 ], and in patients with type 2 diabetes [ 30 ]. In support of the findings from previous cross-sectional and longitudinal studies, intervention studies have provided positive results on the ability of physical activity including regular exercise to reverse subclinical atherosclerosis in children [ 31 , 32 ] as well as in older adults [ 33 , 34 ]. For example, Woo et al [ 32 ] investigated the effects of diet and/or exercise intervention programs in a sample of overweight children aged 9-12 years, and they found that obesity-related vascular dysfunction was partially reversed with the diet program alone and even more substantially with diet plus exercise program.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Association between Obesity and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Korean Office Workers: The Mediating Effect of Physical Activity

Jin

Kim

Cho

et al. 2018

BioMed Research International

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Background Obesity and physical inactivity are associated with higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Objective This study investigated the association between obesity and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) stratified by physical activity (PA) in Korean office workers. Methods Data obtained from 914 office workers aged 21-60 years (347 women) were used. Resting blood pressures, body mass index (BMI), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were measured. PA was assessed using the international physical activity questionnaire. CIMT was assessed with a carotid artery ultrasonography. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of obesity stratified by weekly PA for an abnormally increased CIMT. Results Logistic regression analyses showed that those who were overall obese (OR=2.50, 95% CI=1.60-3.91, P<0.001) or central obese (OR=2.08, 95% CI=1.29-3.40, P=0.003) had significantly higher estimated risks of having an abnormally increased CIMT even after adjustments for age, sex, smoking, alcohol consumption, resting blood pressures, and history of hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia, as compared with those who were not overall or central obese (OR=1). A multivariate linear regression suggested that age (P<0.001), sex (P=0.002), hypertension (P=0.014), smoking (P=0.054), BMI (P<0.001), and physical activity (P=0.011) were important determinants of abnormally elevated CIMT in this study population. Conclusion The current findings suggest that the risk of obesity for an abnormally increased CIMT is significantly modulated by demographics as well as lifestyle-related risk factors including smoking and physical inactivity in Korean office workers.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Association between Obesity and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Korean Office Workers: The Mediating Effect of Physical Activity

Jin

Kim

Cho

et al. 2018

BioMed Research International

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“…While evaluating the left carotid artery using ultrasound, the IMT and LD were measured from the far wall of the distal common carotid artery, 1–3 cm proximal to the carotid bifurcation. We defined IMT as the distance from the lumen–intima interface to the intima–adventitia interface; three points were measured and the thickest point was IMT max , the thinnest point was IMT min , and the average was IMT mean [ 10 , 29 ]. Similarly, we defined LD as the distances between the near-and-far wall and the intima–media interfaces, the LD max , and the minimum LD (LD min ) were obtained by continuously tracing five cycles and considering the average value [ 10 , 29 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We defined IMT as the distance from the lumen–intima interface to the intima–adventitia interface; three points were measured and the thickest point was IMT max , the thinnest point was IMT min , and the average was IMT mean [ 10 , 29 ]. Similarly, we defined LD as the distances between the near-and-far wall and the intima–media interfaces, the LD max , and the minimum LD (LD min ) were obtained by continuously tracing five cycles and considering the average value [ 10 , 29 ]. For spectral Doppler analysis, the PFV and EFV were measured using continuous-wave Doppler examination of the common carotid artery, 1–2 cm proximal to the bifurcation [ 9 , 29 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, we defined LD as the distances between the near-and-far wall and the intima–media interfaces, the LD max , and the minimum LD (LD min ) were obtained by continuously tracing five cycles and considering the average value [ 10 , 29 ]. For spectral Doppler analysis, the PFV and EFV were measured using continuous-wave Doppler examination of the common carotid artery, 1–2 cm proximal to the bifurcation [ 9 , 29 ]. The carotid artery compliance (CAC) and β-stiffness index of the carotid artery were calculated using previously described equations [ 9 , 30 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlation of Pre-Hypertension with Carotid Artery Damage in Middle-Aged and Older Adults

jinkee¹,

Jang

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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The intima–media thickness (IMT), luminal diameters (LDs), flow velocities (FVs), compliance, and β-stiffness of the carotid artery (CA) are considered as independent risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Pre-hypertension (PHT) is also an independent CVD risk factor. This study investigated the association between CA damage (CAD) and PHT. A total of 544 adults participated; their blood pressures (BPs) and CA characteristics were measured using a mercury-free sphygmomanometer and ultrasound. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was performed to assess the differences in the CA characteristics according to the BPs, multinomial logistic regression to evaluate the risk of CAD associated with PHT. In ANCOVA, the CA characteristics of PHT were significantly different from normotensive. The odds ratios (ORs) of IMTmax, LDmax, LDmin, peak-systolic FV (PFV), end-diastolic FV (EFV), PFV/LDmin, EFV/LDmax, compliance, and β-stiffness of PHT were 4.20, 2.70, 3.52, 2.41, 3.06, 3.55, 3.29, 2.02, and 1.84 times higher than those of the normotensive, respectively, in Model 2. In Model 3 adjusted for age, the ORs of LDmax, LDmin, EFV, PFV/LDmin, and EFV/LDmax of PHT were 2.10, 2.55, 1.96, 2.20, and 2.04 times higher than those of the normotensive, respectively. Therefore, the present study revealed that CAD is closely correlated with pre-hypertensive status in adults.

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“…Regarding AE, the study by Archilla et al (2017) with sedentary patients belonging to a group of hypertensive patients who underwent an intervention with a playful physical activity program showed a significant reduction in HR, SBP and DBP. Another study, performed in overweight and obese elderly women, presented improvements in SBP, but there were no changes in DBP (Park and Park, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grape juice and aerobic exercise on blood pressure

Leal

Borges

et al. 2019

NFS

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Purpose This paper aims to verify the effect of 12 weeks of grape juice (GJ) consumption associated with aerobic exercise on the variation of the hypertensive elderly pressure. Design/methodology/approach A total of 45 hypertensive elderly of both sexes were distributed into: control group (CG, n = 10), exercise group (EG, n = 10), juice group (JG, n = 12) and juice and exercise group (JEG, n = 13). Blood pressure and heart rate were checked weekly before exercise in JG and JEG, and before and after intervention in all groups, with JG and JEG supplemented with 200 mL of GJ. Three weekly sessions of moderate walking were applied. Findings There was a reduction in EG, JG and JEG for systolic pressure and diastolic only for JG and JEG. The GJ consumption to the practice of aerobic exercise provided reductions in the arterial pressure of hypertensive, in addition to stabilization of the diastolic pressure. Research limitations/implications Although the objective of the study was to compare the effect and value of intervention with controls, the study had no intervention in food consumption, which could have led to more significant results. There was a limitation in the control drink, leading the study not to be blind, which may have impaired the results. However, it is probably not a bias, as the groups were divided by residence area, and therefore, had no direct contact with the other groups. Another limitation was that the sample size was still small, which would lead to more reliable results. Finally, although the existing limitations cannot be disregarded, the results of this research are very promising, especially when the objective is the effect of GJ and aerobic exercise on blood pressure, with the possibility of implementing supplemental GJ and the inclusion or not of exercise to the hypertensive elderly. Originality/value The paper deals with the benefits of GJ consumption associated with aerobic physical exercise on the blood pressure of elderly hypertensive patients. Considering that GJ along with physical exercise was enough to reduce the blood pressure of hypertensive elderly, this may be a new model to be used to reduce and/or control blood pressure, and GJ and the exercise to be part of the daily life of the population.

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Effects of 6 months of aerobic and resistance exercise training on carotid artery intima media thickness in overweight and obese older women

Cited by 22 publications

References 35 publications

Association between Obesity and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Korean Office Workers: The Mediating Effect of Physical Activity

Association between Obesity and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Korean Office Workers: The Mediating Effect of Physical Activity

Correlation of Pre-Hypertension with Carotid Artery Damage in Middle-Aged and Older Adults

Grape juice and aerobic exercise on blood pressure

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