Effects of a 3-Minute Standing Stretch on Ankle-Dorsiflexion Range of Motion

Pratt, Kimberly M.; Bohannon, Richard W.

doi:10.1123/jsr.12.2.162

Cited by 8 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Results from quality assessment are presented in Table 1 . Of the studies selected for inclusion, 13 featured a control group [ 2 , 3 , 5 , 12 , 16 , 18 , 19 , 21 ],[ 23 , 25 , 29 , 31 , 32 , 38 ]. Sixteen of the included studies randomly assigned participants to treatment groups [ 1 - 3 , 5 , 12 , 14 - 16 , 18 , 19 , 21 , 23 ],[ 25 , 29 , 31 , 32 ], nine studies featured blinding of the participants, assessors or therapists [ 1 , 2 , 12 , 13 , 16 , 19 , 21 , 31 ],[ 38 ] and 13 studies reported on the reliability of the measures used [ 1 , 3 , 5 , 12 , 14 , 16 , 23 , 25 ],[ 27 , 29 - 32 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A variety of interventions have been proposed to increase actual or functional dorsiflexion ROM at the ankle joint, including stretching, warm up and use of ultrasound [1-6,9,12-32]. Previous systematic reviews have investigated the effects of such interventions in increasing ankle joint dorsiflexion ROM in the context of ankle injuries [33] or neuromuscular disease [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interventions for increasing ankle joint dorsiflexion: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

Young

Nix

Wholohan

et al. 2013

Journal of Foot and Ankle Research

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BackgroundAnkle joint equinus, or restricted dorsiflexion range of motion (ROM), has been linked to a range of pathologies of relevance to clinical practitioners. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the effects of conservative interventions on ankle joint ROM in healthy individuals and athletic populations.MethodsKeyword searches of Embase, Medline, Cochrane and CINAHL databases were performed with the final search being run in August 2013. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they assessed the effect of a non-surgical intervention on ankle joint dorsiflexion in healthy populations. Studies were quality rated using a standard quality assessment scale. Standardised mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated and results were pooled where study methods were homogenous.ResultsTwenty-three studies met eligibility criteria, with a total of 734 study participants. Results suggest that there is some evidence to support the efficacy of static stretching alone (SMDs: range 0.70 to 1.69) and static stretching in combination with ultrasound (SMDs: range 0.91 to 0.95), diathermy (SMD 1.12), diathermy and ice (SMD 1.16), heel raise exercises (SMDs: range 0.70 to 0.77), superficial moist heat (SMDs: range 0.65 to 0.84) and warm up (SMD 0.87) in improving ankle joint dorsiflexion ROM.ConclusionsSome evidence exists to support the efficacy of stretching alone and stretching in combination with other therapies in increasing ankle joint ROM in healthy individuals. There is a paucity of quality evidence to support the efficacy of other non-surgical interventions, thus further research in this area is warranted.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interventions for increasing ankle joint dorsiflexion: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

Young

Nix

Wholohan

et al. 2013

Journal of Foot and Ankle Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Five trials met the inclusion criteria for the review with 161 participants (table 1). [10][11][12][13][14] Three trials were identified for inclusion in the sensitivity analyses with 118 participants. 10 11 14 No trials included participants with lower limb injuries.…”

Section: Search Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Four of the trials ensured 100% compliance by supervising the stretches. [10][11][12][13] Youdas et al 14 used log books instead to 97 volunteers (59 women and 38 men) with mean (SD) age 27.6 (7.7) for women and 26.8 (6.9) for men. Inclusion: active ankle dorsiflexion less than 20˚.…”

Section: Search Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does stretching increase ankle dorsiflexion range of motion? A systematic review

et al. 2006

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Background: Many lower limb disorders are related to calf muscle tightness and reduced dorsiflexion of the ankle. To treat such disorders, stretches of the calf muscles are commonly prescribed to increase available dorsiflexion of the ankle joint. Hypothesis: To determine the effect of static calf muscle stretching on ankle joint dorsiflexion range of motion. Study design: A systematic review with meta-analyses. Methods: A systematic review of randomised trials examining static calf muscle stretches compared with no stretching. Trials were identified by searching Cinahl, Embase, Medline, SportDiscus, and Central and by recursive checking of bibliographies. Data were extracted from trial publications, and meta-analyses performed that calculated a weighted mean difference (WMD) for the continuous outcome of ankle dorsiflexion. Sensitivity analyses excluded poorer quality trials. Statistical heterogeneity was assessed using the quantity I 2 . Results: Five trials met inclusion criteria and reported sufficient data on ankle dorsiflexion to be included in the meta-analyses. The meta-analyses showed that calf muscle stretching increases ankle dorsiflexion after stretching for (15 minutes (WMD 2.07˚; 95% confidence interval 0.86 to 3.27), .15-30 minutes (WMD 3.03˚; 95% confidence interval 0.31 to 5.75), and .30 minutes (WMD 2.49˚; 95% confidence interval 0.16 to 4.82). There was a very low to moderate statistical heterogeneity between trials. The meta-analysis results for (15 minutes and .15-30 minutes of stretching were considered robust when compared with sensitivity analyses that excluded lower quality trials. Conclusions: Calf muscle stretching provides a small and statistically significant increase in ankle dorsiflexion. However, it is unclear whether the change is clinically important.

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“…In addition to the positive effects of resistance training, stretching exercises have been shown to effectively increase ankle ROM in older adults. Gastrocnemius stretching in particular has been shown to improve ROM for individuals with limited ankle dorsiflexion [14,15]. It has been previously documented that a combination of both resistance and stretching exercises maybe an effective intervention for improving ankle mobility and postural stability in older adults [16].…”

Section: Background and Purposementioning

confidence: 99%

A Home-based Exercise Program for the Foot and Ankle to Improve Balance, Muscle Performance and Flexibility in Community Dwelling Older Adults: A Pilot Study

Long

Jackson²,

Laubach³

2013

Int J Phys Med Rehabil

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Background and purpose: Strength and range of motion of the foot and ankle have been shown to be related to measures of balance and fall risk in older adults. The primary purpose of this pilot investigation was to evaluate the feasibility of a 6-week home-based exercise program focusing on the foot and ankle and any associated changes in balance, muscle performance and range of motion in older adults. Methods: This single-group repeated measures study involved a convenience sample of 21 healthy communitydwelling older adults age 60-90. Nineteen participants completed all phases of the testing and training. The intervention was a 6-week home-based exercise program focusing on ankle musculature performed 3 times per week. Outcome measures were assessed on three separate occasions: baseline, pre-intervention, and post-intervention. Outcome measures included the Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test (Mini-BESTest), gait speed, Timed Up and Go (TUG), Activities Specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC), gastrocnemius muscle strength and ankle dorsiflexion range of motion. Results: Following the intervention, there were significant improvements in the Mini-BESTest, gait speed, TUG, gastrocnemius strength and ankle dorsiflexion range of motion. There was also significant positive relationship between improvements in the Mini-BESTest and gastrocnemius strength. There were no unanticipated adverse events and compliance was high. Conclusions: A simple but progressive home-based exercise program for the foot and ankle appears to be feasible for older individuals and may lead to meaningful improvements in measures of balance and mobility. Further research of this targeted intervention may be warranted.

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Effects of a 3-Minute Standing Stretch on Ankle-Dorsiflexion Range of Motion

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

Interventions for increasing ankle joint dorsiflexion: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

Interventions for increasing ankle joint dorsiflexion: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

Does stretching increase ankle dorsiflexion range of motion? A systematic review

A Home-based Exercise Program for the Foot and Ankle to Improve Balance, Muscle Performance and Flexibility in Community Dwelling Older Adults: A Pilot Study

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