Effects of a Casein Hydrolysate Prepared fromAspergillus oryzaeProtease on Adjuvant Arthritis in Rats

Effects of Flavangenol, an Extract of French Maritime Pine Bark on Collagen-Induced Arthritis in Rats

“…4B and D). In our recent experiment to examine the effect of casein hydrolysate on rat adjuvant arthritis, ibuprofen as a positive control drug significantly suppressed the new bone formation (8). The differences between the two arthritic experiments might depend on the degree of articular lesions, because the score of new bone formation in control rats was slight in the present experiment (Table 1).…”

“…Adjuvant arthritis rats (6)(7)(8)20), collagen-induced arthritis mice or rats (7,20,21), pristane-induced arthritis mice (22), and spontaneous polyarthritis mice (MRL/lpr strain) (22) have been well studied. In particular, it is well known that the collagen-induced arthritis rats are a widely useful model in testing potent therapeutic drugs for use in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, because the arthritic models share similarities with rheumatoid arthritis in human patients (23).…”

“…It is well known that NO produced by cartilage and synovial cells is implicated in the pathogenesis of human osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis (26,27). NO has been also reported to play an important role in the pathogenesis of arthritis in animal models, including collagen-induced arthritis and adjuvant arthritis in rats (8). An inhibitor of iNOS has been reported to have a suppressive effect on arthritis in experimental animal models (28,29).…”

“…Treatment with the diet of FG or ibuprofen was started at the beginning of induction. The concentrations of FG and ibuprofen diets were determined by other previous experiments, such as the effects on atherosclerosis ( 12 ) and hypertension ( 19 ), and our recent experiment ( 8 ).…”

“…In addition, it was recently demonstrated that casein hydrolysate prepared from Aspergillus oryzae protease was also effective for the treatment of rat adjuvant arthritis ( 8 ). It was explained that an oral administration of this substance had efficacy on the arthritis through mediation of the anti-inflammatory and/or immunomodulatory action ( 8 ).…”