Effects of a low-protein diet on prolactin- and growth hormone-producing cells in the rat pituitary gland

Hara, Masayuki; Herbert, Damon C.; Taniguchi, Takashi; Hattori, Atsuhiko; Ohtani-Kaneko, Ritsuko; Iigo, Masayuki; Kato, Yosuke; Hirata, Kazuaki

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0185(199805)251:1<37::aid-ar7>3.0.co;2-b

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The immunoreactive signals for anti‐PRL antibodies (Fig. 6A) in the pituitary gland were localized to the secretory granules, which is consistent with previously reported findings (Hara et al, 1998). The number of cells in the pituitary gland decreased in the IS pups compared with the control pups ( P < 0.01; Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Maternal stress affects postnatal growth and the pituitary expression of prolactin in mouse offspring

et al. 2010

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Maternal stress exerts long-lasting psychiatric and somatic on offspring, which persist into adulthood. However, the effect of maternal stress on the postnatal growth of pups has not been widely reported. In this study, we found that maternal immobilization stress (IS) during lactation resulted in low body weight of male mouse offspring, which persisted after weaning. Despite free access to chow, IS induced maternal malnutrition and decreased the serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels in the mothers and in the pups. mRNA expression analysis of anterior pituitary hormones in the pups revealed that growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL), but no other hormones, were decreased by IS. Expression of the pituitary transcription factor PIT1 and isoforms of PITX2, which are essential for the development and function of GH-producing somatotropes and PRL-producing lactotropes, was decreased, whereas that of PROP1, which is critical for the earlier stages of pituitary development, was unchanged. Immunohistochemistry also showed a decrease in pituitary PRL protein expression. These results suggest that stress in a postpartum mother has persistent effects on the body weight of the offspring. Reduced PRL expression in the offspring's pituitary gland may play a role in these effects.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Maternal stress affects postnatal growth and the pituitary expression of prolactin in mouse offspring

et al. 2010

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“…In previous reports, a decrease in cell population and size was reported in molted hens; however, supplementation did not show any significant impact on irGH cells. In contrast to this, Hara et al 19 described a negative impact of low protein in the diet on the cell and nucleus size of somatotrophs in growing rats. They also described a decrease in the secretory granules of reactive cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Immunohistochemical localization and morphometry of somatotrophs and lactotrophs in protein, probiotic and symbiotic supplemented molted layers

Anwar

Rahman

Muhammad³

et al. 2012

Eur J Histochem

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Two hundred Single Comb White Leg-Horn spent hens at the age of 70 weeks were purchased from a commercial layer farm. The birds were shifted to the Poultry Research Station, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan. High dietary zinc (3 g/kg feed/day) was used to induce molting in all the birds after one week of acclimatization. Thereafter, birds were divided in groups of 50 birds each, with the following treatments: G1 [control; crude protein (CP)16%, no other supplement], G2 (CP18%, no other supplement), G3 (CP16%, Symbiotic, 85 mg/L drinking water) and G4 (CP16%, Probiotic, 85 mg/L in drinking water). Fifteen birds were slaughtered at 5% of peak of production for each group to collect their pituitary glands. Better egg production was seen in all the supplemented groups as compared to the control. Especially an earlier post molt production recovery and delayed decline was seen in G2 as compared to all other groups. The immunohistochemistry of the pituitary gland reveals the decrease (P≤0.01) in the cell and nucleus size as well as area of somatotrophs in G2 and G4 as compared to G1. The cell and nucleus size as well as area of lactotrophs decreased (P≤0.01) in G2, G3 and G4 as compared to G1. The better and earlier post molt production in G2 highlights the potential role of protein supplementation in connection with the decreased lactotroph size and area in molted birds.

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“…Reported percentages of lactotrophs vary among species: 5–16% in equine (Rahmanian et al, 1997); 2.2% (Surks and DeFesi, 1977), 8% (Takahashi and Kawashima, 1982), 27% (Hara et al, 1998), and 49.80% (Dada et al, 1984) in rat, 29% in hamster (Wang et al, 1991), 16.4% and 22.9% in mouse during non‐reproductive and reproductive periods, respectively (Kuwahara et al, 2000), 1.7–4.4% in humans (Fowler and McKeel, 1979), and 8.6–31.3% in males and nulliparous females (Asa et al, 1982; Melmed, 2002). In this study, the values obtained were between 2.82 and 5.07% in male adult viscachas in the reproductive period and late pregnant females, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and Morphometric Changes of Pituitary Lactotrophs of Viscacha (Lagostomus maximus maximus) in Relation to Reproductive Cycle, Age, and Sex

Filippa

Mohamed

2009

The Anatomical Record

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Lactotrophs in pituitary pars distalis (PD) of viscacha were studied by immunohistochemistry and morphometric analysis in the following groups: 1) adult males throughout the reproductive cycle (reproductive, gonadal regression, and recovery periods), 2) melatonin-treated adults, 3) castrated adults, 4) prepubertal, 5) non-pregnant females, and 6) pregnant females (early, mid, and late pregnancy). Immunopositive percentage area (%IA), cell percentage in PD (% PDC), number of cells per reference area (no.cell/ RA), major cellular and nuclear diameters were analyzed. Lactotrophs were mainly localized in the ventro-medial region and the caudal extreme of PD. In the male viscachas, they were isolated in small and big groups, close to blood vessels and near follicles. These cells were pleomorphic and with a heterogeneous cytoplasmic immunolabeling pattern. In the adult males of the gonadal regression period the morphometric parameters were the lowest. Most parameters of lactotrophs in the prepubertal were significantly lower than in the adult males in the reproductive period. In the melatonintreated animals and in castrated animals there was a decrease in %IA, %PDC, and no.cell/RA. In the females, the morphometric parameters increased at the end of pregnancy. Non-pregnant females exhibited a higher immunopositive area and number, but a smaller size of cells than males. Our results showed that in the adult male viscacha, lactotrophs vary seasonally, probably due to the photoperiod effect through melatonin. Besides the changes observed after castration, in prepubertal animals, in adults of different sex, and during pregnancy suggest that the gonadal steroid hormones might modify the lactotrophs activity. Anat Rec, 293:150-161, 2010. V V C 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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Effects of a low-protein diet on prolactin- and growth hormone-producing cells in the rat pituitary gland

Cited by 6 publications

References 39 publications

Maternal stress affects postnatal growth and the pituitary expression of prolactin in mouse offspring

Maternal stress affects postnatal growth and the pituitary expression of prolactin in mouse offspring

Immunohistochemical localization and morphometry of somatotrophs and lactotrophs in protein, probiotic and symbiotic supplemented molted layers

Morphological and Morphometric Changes of Pituitary Lactotrophs of Viscacha (Lagostomus maximus maximus) in Relation to Reproductive Cycle, Age, and Sex

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