Effects of a probiotic-fermented herbal blend on the growth performance, intestinal flora and immune function of chicks infected with Salmonella pullorum

Wang, Yiming; Li, Jiayi; Xie, Yuanhong; Zhang, Hongxing; Jin, Junhua; Xiong, Likuan; Liu, Hui

doi:10.1016/j.psj.2021.101196

Cited by 36 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The administration of L. rhamnosus reduced the mortality rate of chicks from 50.00% to 15.00% and ameliorated the body weight of Salmonella-infected chicks. These findings are consistent with previously reported studies, in which different probiotics have demonstrated the ability to reduce the mortality rate and to improve body weight gain of chicks infected with Salmonella (54)(55)(56). Additionally, our findings showed the effectiveness of L. rhamnosus in reducing the number of Salmonella colonized Liver, spleen, duodenum, cecum, and feces.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus alleviates intestinal inflammation and promotes microbiota-mediated protection against Salmonella fatal infections

Peng

Ed-Dra²,

Song³

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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The fatal impairment of the intestinal mucosal barrier of chicks caused by Salmonella significantly resulting economic losses in the modern poultry industry. Probiotics are recognized for beneficially influencing host immune responses, promoting maintenance of intestinal epithelial integrity, antagonistic activity against pathogenic microorganisms and health-promoting properties. Some basic studies attest to probiotic capabilities and show that Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus could protect intestinal mucosa from injury in animals infected with Salmonella Typhimurium. However, the mechanisms underlying its protective effects in chicks are still not fully understood. Here, we used the chick infection model combined with histological, immunological, and molecular approaches to address this question. The results indicated that L. rhamnosus significantly reduced the diarrhea rate and increased the daily weight gain and survival rate of chicks infected with S. Typhimurium. Furthermore, we found that L. rhamnosus markedly improved the immunity of gut mucosa by reducing apoptotic cells, hence effectively inhibiting intestinal inflammation. Notably, pre-treatment chicks with L. rhamnosus balanced the expression of interleukin-1β and interleukin-18, moderated endotoxin and D-lactic acid levels, and expanded tight junction protein levels (Zonula occluden-1 and Claudin-1), enhanced the function of the intestinal mucosal epithelial cells. Additionally, investigations using full-length 16S rRNA sequencing also demonstrated that L. rhamnosus greatly weakened the adhesion of Salmonella, the mainly manifestation is the improvement of the diversity of intestinal microbiota in infected chicks. Collectively, these results showed the application of L. rhamnosus against Salmonella fatal infection by enhancing barrier integrity and the stability of the gut microbiota and reducing inflammation in new hatch chicks, offering new antibiotic alternatives for farming animals.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus alleviates intestinal inflammation and promotes microbiota-mediated protection against Salmonella fatal infections

Peng

Ed-Dra²,

Song³

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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“…The above results indicated that oral gavage of LB(+) combined with EA effectively enhanced the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, effectively inhibited the ChTLR15/ChNLRP3 inflammatory pathway triggered by E. tenella , and thus provided anti-inflammatory effects. The results from the present study are consistent with those of other reports, which showed that the combination of probiotics and herbs had strong potential functions [ 35 , 36 ]. A possible explanation for the present results may be related to the following questions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Oral administration of Lactobacillus brevis 23017 combined with ellagic acid attenuates intestinal inflammatory injury caused by Eimeria infection by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 antioxidant pathway

Yang

Pan

Jia

et al. 2022

Vet Res

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The aim of this study was to investigate whether oral administration of Lactobacillus brevis 23017 (LB) alone and in combination with ellagic acid inhibits ChTLR15/ChNLRP3/ChIL-1β by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway to attenuate intestinal inflammatory injury. Two animal experiments were performed. In Experiment 1, chickens were allocated into 7 groups: PBS, and low, medium and high dosages of live and heat-killed LB, named L/LB(+), M/LB(+) and H/LB(+), and L/LB(−), M/LB(−) and H/LB(−), respectively. In Experiment 2, chickens were divided into 5 groups: PBS, challenge control, and low, medium and high dosages of ellagic acid combined with LB(+), named L/EA + L/LB(+), M/EA + M/LB(+) and H/EA + H/LB(+), respectively. Chickens were gavaged with LB with or without ellagic acid once a day. Then, the mRNA and protein levels of the components of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway found in the caecal tissues were quantified. On Day 7 post-infection with E. tenella, the levels of the components of the ChTLR15/NLRP3/IL-1β pathway in the caeca were again quantified, and the anticoccidial effects were assessed. The results showed that the levels of the genes in the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in the chickens in the LB(+) groups were higher than those in the LB(−) groups (p < 0.001); those in the H/LB(+) group were higher than those in the M/LB(+) and L/LB(+) groups (p < 0.001); and those in the H/EA + H/LB(+) group showed the highest expression levels compared with the other groups (p < 0.001). After challenge, the chickens in the H/LB(+) group displayed less inflammatory injury than those in the M/LB(+) and L/LB(+) groups (p < 0.05), and the chickens in the H/EA + H/LB(+) group showed stronger anti-inflammatory effects than the other groups (p < 0.05). Thus, these protective effects against infection were consistent with the above results. Overall, significant anti-inflammatory effects were observed in chickens orally gavaged with high dosages of live L. brevis 23017 and ellagic acid, which occurred by regulation of the ChTLR15/NLRP3/IL-1β pathway.

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“…The role of the gut microbiota has attracted increasing attention, and the gut microbiota is closely related to livestock and poultry production performance [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ], nutritional metabolism [ 15 , 23 ], and immune function [ 24 , 25 ]. Predecessors found through the technique of faecal microbiota transplantation that the growth performance of calves after faecal microbiota transplantation was significantly increased [ 21 ], which shows that the growth performance of gut microbiota is improved, but the mechanism of action is still unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Bacitracin Methylene Disalicylate Improves Growth Performance by Mediating the Gut Microbiota in Broilers

Xiao

Fan

et al. 2022

Antibiotics

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The growth performance of livestock and poultry has always been a concern. However, much work is currently focused on the selection of breeds and diets to improve the growth performance of livestock and poultry. Furthermore, numerous studies have shown that the gut microbiota is closely related to the growth performance of livestock and poultry. At present, there are many reports on the impact of antibiotic intervention on the structure of gut microbiota. However, there are few reports on the influence of antibiotic intervention on the structure of intestinal microbes and the effect of this change on growth performance. Bacitracin methylene disalicylate (BMD) intervention changes the microbial structure in the caecum of broilers at different growth stages, as shown in this study. To further reveal the potential relationship between gut microbiota changes and growth performance caused by BMD intervention, correlation analysis was used for analysis. A total of 144 1-day-old male Cobb-Vantress were randomly divided into two groups. In addition to antibiotic-free starter mash diets, starter mash diets supplemented with 55 mg/kg BMD were also used, called the CON group and the BMD group, and lasted 28 days. (1) These study results showed that adding BMD to the diet had a significant effect on the growth performance of broilers. Compared with the CON group, the body weight of the BMD group increased significantly by 11.08% and 20.13% on Days 14 and 28, respectively (p < 0.05). Similarly, at 0–14, 14–28 and 0–28 days of age, the average daily gain of the BMD group increased significantly by 12.28%, 24.49% and 20.80%, respectively. The average daily feed intake of the BMD group increased significantly by 18.28%, 27.39% and 24.97% (p < 0.05). In addition, at 0–28 days of age, the feed conversion ratio increased significantly by 5.5% (p < 0.05). (2) Alpha diversity results show that BMD intervention has an impact on gut microbiota at different growth stages. (3) The early intervention significantly affected 7 taxa by Day 14, followed by 22 taxa by Day 28, which is similar to the results in the caecal flora. Compared with the CON group, the Christensenellaceae R-7 group had the highest linear discriminant analysis (LDA) score on Day 28. In addition, Pearson’s correlation analysis showed that the Lachnospiraceae FCS020 group was significantly negatively correlated with growth performance. In general, these results indicate that dietary supplementation of BMD has an effect on broiler gut microbiota structure and growth performance. However, changes in growth performance may be caused by the gut microbiota structure.

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Effects of a probiotic-fermented herbal blend on the growth performance, intestinal flora and immune function of chicks infected with Salmonella pullorum

Cited by 36 publications

References 41 publications

Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus alleviates intestinal inflammation and promotes microbiota-mediated protection against Salmonella fatal infections

Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus alleviates intestinal inflammation and promotes microbiota-mediated protection against Salmonella fatal infections

Oral administration of Lactobacillus brevis 23017 combined with ellagic acid attenuates intestinal inflammatory injury caused by Eimeria infection by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 antioxidant pathway

Dietary Bacitracin Methylene Disalicylate Improves Growth Performance by Mediating the Gut Microbiota in Broilers

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