Effects of a prolonged standardized diet on normalizing the human metabolome

Winnike, Jason H.; Busby, Marjorie G.; Watkins, Paul B.; O’Connell, Thomas M.

doi:10.3945/ajcn.2009.28234

Cited by 63 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The only method to minimize the diet related intra-and inter-individual variations in humans is by conducting carefully controlled dietary intervention studies, where each subject consumes a defined standardized diet. By standardizing the diet, nutri-metabolomics can be used as a method to assess metabolic profiles and biomarkers as measures of dietary exposures, indicators of dietary patterns or effectiveness of dietary interventions (Winnike et al 2009). Currently, very little is known about how genetic variation may result in differential nutrient metabolism and dietary biomarker level and only few exploratory studies have been conducted on physiological variations in humans (Kochhar et al 2006;Lenz et al 2004Lenz et al , 2003.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Standardization of factors that influence human urine metabolomics

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In nutritional metabolomics a large inter-and intra-subject variability exists, and thus, it becomes important to limit the variance introduced by external factors. In a composite controlled study with full provision of all food for the standardized intervention, human urinary metabolite profiles were investigated for different factors, such as handling of urine collections, diet standardization, diet culture, cohabitation and gender. In study A, 8 healthy subjects (4 men; 4 women) collected 24-h urine, splitting each void into two specimens stored either at 4°C or at room temperature. In study B, 16 healthy subjects (7 men; 9 women) collected 24-h urine for three days while being on a standardized diet. Samples were analyzed by 1 H NMR and chemometrics. The NMR profiles indicated the presence of metabolites presumably originating from bacterial contamination in 3 out of 16 sample collections stored at room temperature. On the contrary, no changes in the NMR profiles due to contamination occurred in the 24-h urine samples stored at 4°C. The study also showed a trend towards a reduced inter-and intra-individual variation during 3 days of diet standardization. In study A, the urine metabolome showed a clear effect of diet culture and cohabitation, but these effects significantly attenuated after diet standardization (study B). Besides, gender-specific differences were found in both studies. Our results emphasize that best practice for any metabolomic study is a standardized, chilled sample collection procedure, and recommend that diet standardization is performed prior to dietary interventions in order to reduce intra-and intersubject variability.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Standardization of factors that influence human urine metabolomics

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These kinetic features can serve as a functional measure for the polyphenol bioconverting capacity of the microbiota and, hence, need to be accounted for in the design of the studies (11,32,33). Considering that structurally rather diverse polyphenols are assumed to be bioconverted by the gut microbiota to a limited number of key metabolites, the polyphenol content of the background diet also needs to be accounted for in the study design (34,35) and subsequent data analysis (31). Nonpolyphenol dietary components may interact with microbial bioconversion (27), hence the background diet also needs to be controlled and standardized.…”

Section: Human Intervention Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic fate of polyphenols in the human superorganism

Duynhoven

Vaughan

Jacobs

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

471

330

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dietary polyphenols are components of many foods such as tea, fruit, and vegetables and are associated with several beneficial health effects although, so far, largely based on epidemiological studies. The intact forms of complex dietary polyphenols have limited bioavailability, with low circulating levels in plasma. A major part of the polyphenols persists in the colon, where the resident microbiota produce metabolites that can undergo further metabolism upon entering systemic circulation. Unraveling the complex metabolic fate of polyphenols in this human superorganism requires joint deployment of in vitro and humanized mouse models and human intervention trials. Within these systems, the variation in diversity and functionality of the colonic microbiota can increasingly be captured by rapidly developing microbiomics and metabolomics technologies. Furthermore, metabolomics is coming to grips with the large biological variation superimposed on relatively subtle effects of dietary interventions. In particular when metabolomics is deployed in conjunction with a longitudinal study design, quantitative nutrikinetic signatures can be obtained. These signatures can be used to define nutritional phenotypes with different kinetic characteristics for the bioconversion capacity for polyphenols. Bottom-up as well as top-down approaches need to be pursued to link gut microbial diversity to functionality in nutritional phenotypes and, ultimately, to bioactivity of polyphenols. This approach will pave the way for personalization of nutrition based on gut microbial functionality of individuals or populations.polyphenol bioconversion | gut microbiota | metabolomics | metagenomics | microbiomics

show abstract

“…3) Import NMR data into the SIMCA-Pþ 12.0.1 software system. The data are mean-centered and scaled to Pareto variance [57,64]. PCA and PLS-DA methods are used for clustering and classifying independent samples or variables.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…low-abundance active phytocompounds from medicinal plants is barely achievable or deciphering a synergistic action of multiple ingredients in a single plant or multiple medicinal plant formulations is very difficult [64,65]. In metabolomics studies, establishing a chromatographic fingerprint with GC-MS, LC-MS, or LC-NMR online analysis as the characteristic representation of the chemical or pharmacologically active components in herbal medicines is an important criterion for quality control and standardization of the herbal medicinal products, and has attracted immense interest [66].…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%