Effects of a toxin from the mucus of the caribbean sea anemone (Bunodosoma granulifera) on the ionic currents of single ventricular mammalian cardiomyocytes

Salinas, Eduardo M.; Cebada, Jorge; Valdés, Alberto; Garateix, Anoland; Aneiros, Abel; Álvarez, Julio L.

doi:10.1016/s0041-0101(97)00010-x

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The precipitate was recovered, diluted in water, concentrated under reduced pressure to eliminate acetone and freeze dried later. Lyophilized crude extract was dissolved in 0.10 M ammonium acetate pH 6.7 and gel filtered on Sephadex G‐50 m (4.5×132 cm) as previously described (Aneiros et al ., 1993; Salinas et al ., 1997).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bunodosoma granulifera is a common anemone of Cuban sea shores. Several active compounds with different pharmacological actions have been isolated from its secretions (Aneiros et al ., 1993; Loret et al ., 1994; Salinas et al ., 1997). Bg II and Bg III are two toxins that have been purified and sequenced from this sea anemone originally by Loret et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of two Bunodosoma granulifera toxins active on cardiac sodium channels

Goudet

Ferrer

Galán

et al. 2001

British J Pharmacology

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1 Two sodium channel toxins, BgII and BgIII, have been isolated and puri®ed from the sea anemone Bunodosoma granulifera. Combining dierent techniques, we have investigated the electrophysiological properties of these toxins. 2 We examined the eect of BgII and BgIII on rat ventricular strips. These toxins prolong action potentials with EC 50 values of 60 and 660 nM and modify the resting potentials. 3 The eect on Na + currents in rat cardiomyocytes was studied using the patch-clamp technique. BgII and BgIII slow the rapid inactivation process and increase the current density with EC 50 values of 58 and 78 nM, respectively. 4 On the cloned hH1 cardiac Na + channel expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes, BgII and BgIII slow the inactivation process of Na + currents (respective EC 50 values of 0.38 and 7.8 mM), shift the steady-state activation and inactivation parameters to more positive potentials and the reversal potential to more negative potentials. 5 The amino acid sequences of these toxins are almost identical except for an asparagine at position 16 in BgII which is replaced by an aspartic acid in BgIII. In all experiments, BgII was more potent than BgIII suggesting that this conservative residue is important for the toxicity of sea anemone toxins. 6 We conclude that BgII and BgIII, generally known as neurotoxins, are also cardiotoxic and combine the classical eects of sea anemone Na + channels toxins (slowing of inactivation kinetics, shift of steady-state activation and inactivation parameters) with a striking decrease on the ionic selectivity of Na + channels.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of two Bunodosoma granulifera toxins active on cardiac sodium channels

Goudet

Ferrer

Galán

et al. 2001

British J Pharmacology

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“…Interestingly, however, almost all fishermen interviewed described to us that even the ‘residual seawater’ on their fishing nets after trawling through a jellyfish bloom when in contact with their bodies would cause serious cutaneous pain and local swelling. Residual seawater from a jellyfish bloom is reported to be very sticky, most likely derived from a mixture of the secreted mucus [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ] and the nematocyst venom of the jellyfish. In the laboratory we have also observed that jellyfish secreted mucus as a defense resulting from external stimulation of being gently shaken or stirred.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress-Induced Mucus Secretion and Its Composition by a Combination of Proteomics and Metabolomics of the Jellyfish Aurelia coerulea

Liu

Jiang

et al. 2018

Marine Drugs

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Background: Jellyfish respond quickly to external stress that stimulates mucus secretion as a defense. Neither the composition of secreted mucus nor the process of secretion are well understood. Methods: Aurelia coerulea jellyfish were stimulated by removing them from environmental seawater. Secreted mucus and tissue samples were then collected within 60 min, and analyzed by a combination of proteomics and metabolomics using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS), respectively. Results: Two phases of sample collection displayed a quick decrease in volume, followed by a gradual increase. A total of 2421 and 1208 proteins were identified in tissue homogenate and secreted mucus, respectively. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that the mucus-enriched proteins are mainly located in extracellular or membrane-associated regions, while the tissue-enriched proteins are distributed throughout intracellular compartments. Tryptamine, among 16 different metabolites, increased with the largest-fold change value of 7.8 in mucus, which is consistent with its involvement in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway ‘tryptophan metabolism’. We identified 11 metalloproteinases, four serpins, three superoxide dismutases and three complements, and their presence was speculated to be related to self-protective defense. Conclusions: Our results provide a composition profile of proteins and metabolites in stress-induced mucus and tissue homogenate of A. coerulea. This provides insight for the ongoing endeavors to discover novel bioactive compounds. The large increase of tryptamine in mucus may indicate a strong stress response when jellyfish were taken out of seawater and the active self-protective components such as enzymes, serpins and complements potentially play a key role in innate immunity of jellyfish.

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“…Several active compounds with pharmacological actions on ionic channels have been isolated from its secretions (Aneiros et al, 1993;Loret et al, 1994;Dauplais et al, 1997;Salinas et al, 1997;Alessandri-Haber et al, 1999;Garateix et al, 2000). Among them, BgII and BgIII are two peptide toxins (molecular masses: 5072 and 5073, respectively) with almost identical sequences (they only differ by a single amino acid), causing toxicity in mice when injected intracerebroventricularly and markedly different binding to rat brain synaptosomes; both effects are higher for BgII (Loret et al, 1994).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Sea Anemone Toxins BgII and BgIII Prolong the Inactivation Time Course of the Tetrodotoxin-Sensitive Sodium Current in Rat Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons

Salceda¹,

Garateix²,

Soto³

2002

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

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We have characterized the effects of BgII and BgIII, two sea anemone peptides with almost identical sequences (they only differ by a single amino acid), on neuronal sodium currents using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. Neurons of dorsal root ganglia of Wistar rats (P5-9) in primary culture (LeibovitzЈs L15 medium; 37°C, 95% air/5% CO 2 ) were used for this study (n ϭ 154). These cells express two sodium current subtypes: tetrodotoxin-sensitive (TTX-S; K i ϭ 0.3 nM) and tetrodotoxinresistant (TTX-R; K i ϭ 100 M). Neither BgII nor BgIII had significant effects on TTX-R sodium current. Both BgII and BgIII produced a concentration-dependent slowing of the TTX-S sodium current inactivation (IC 50 ϭ 4.1 Ϯ 1.2 and 11.9 Ϯ 1.4 M, respectively), with no significant effects on activation time course or current peak amplitude. For comparison, the concentration-dependent action of Anemonia sulcata toxin II (ATX-II), a well characterized anemone toxin, on the TTX-S current was also studied. ATX-II also produced a slowing of the TTX-S sodium current inactivation, with an IC 50 value of 9.6 Ϯ 1.2 M indicating that BgII was 2.3 times more potent than ATX-II and 2.9 times more potent than BgIII in decreasing the inactivation time constant ( h ) of the sodium current in dorsal root ganglion neurons. The action of BgIII was voltage-dependent, with significant effects at voltages below Ϫ10 mV. Our results suggest that BgII and BgIII affect voltage-gated sodium channels in a similar fashion to other sea anemone toxins and ␣-scorpion toxins.

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Effects of a toxin from the mucus of the caribbean sea anemone (Bunodosoma granulifera) on the ionic currents of single ventricular mammalian cardiomyocytes

Cited by 12 publications

References 14 publications

Characterization of two Bunodosoma granulifera toxins active on cardiac sodium channels

Characterization of two Bunodosoma granulifera toxins active on cardiac sodium channels

Stress-Induced Mucus Secretion and Its Composition by a Combination of Proteomics and Metabolomics of the Jellyfish Aurelia coerulea

The Sea Anemone Toxins BgII and BgIII Prolong the Inactivation Time Course of the Tetrodotoxin-Sensitive Sodium Current in Rat Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons

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