Effects of abdominal vagotomy on serum LH concentrations in female rats

Allen, L. G.; Lawrence, Irvin E.; Burden, Hubert W.; Hodson, Charles A.

doi:10.1530/jrf.0.0740087

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These regions receive input from the vagus nerve [17,[51][52][53]. Integration of signals in the brainstem could then influence the ovaries through either a descending spinal cord projection or more directly through an extraspinal vagal pathway [54,55]. Such pathways may also affect adrenal corticosterone production which is elevated following neurectomy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transection of the Pelvic or Vagus Nerve Forestalls Ripening of the Cervix and Delays Birth in Rats1

Clyde

Lechuga

Ebner

et al. 2011

Biology of Reproduction

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Innervation of the cervix is important for normal timing of birth because transection of the pelvic nerve forestalls birth and causes dystocia. To discover whether transection of the parasympathetic innervation of the cervix affects cervical ripening in the process of parturition was the objective of the present study. Rats on Day 16 of pregnancy had the pelvic nerve (PnX) or the vagus nerve (VnX) or both pathways (PnX+VnX) transected, sham-operated (Sham) or nonpregnant rats served as controls. Sections of fixed peripartum cervix were stained for collagen or processed by immunohistochemistry to identify macrophages and nerve fibers. All Sham controls delivered by the morning of Day 22 postbreeding, while births were delayed in more than 75% of neurectomized rats by more than 12 h. Dystocia was evident in more than 25% of the PnX and PnX+VnX rats. Moreover, on prepartum Day 21, serum progesterone was increased severalfold in neurectomized versus Sham rats. Assessments of cell nuclei counts indicated that the cervix of neurectomized rats and Sham controls had become equally hypertrophied compared to the unripe cervix in nonpregnant rats. Collagen content and structure were reduced in the cervix of all pregnant rats, whether neurectomized or Shams, versus that in nonpregnant rats. Stereological analysis of cervix sections found reduced numbers of resident macrophages in prepartum PnX and PnX+VnX rats on Day 21 postbreeding, as well as in VnX rats on Day 22 postbreeding compared to that in Sham controls. Finally, nerve transections blocked the prepartum increase in innervation that occurred in Sham rats on Day 21 postbreeding. These findings indicate that parasympathetic innervation of the cervix mediates local inflammatory processes, withdrawal of progesterone in circulation, and the normal timing of birth. Therefore, pelvic and vagal nerves regulate macrophage immigration and nerve fiber density but may not be involved in final remodeling of the extracellular matrix in the prepartum cervix. These findings support the contention that immigration of immune cells and enhanced innervation are involved in processes that remodel the cervix and time parturition.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transection of the Pelvic or Vagus Nerve Forestalls Ripening of the Cervix and Delays Birth in Rats1

Clyde

Lechuga

Ebner

et al. 2011

Biology of Reproduction

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The surgical vagotomy, i.e., bilateral abdominal (subdiaphragmatic) truncal vagotomy, was performed as previously described [2] with some modification. In short, after cutting skin and muscles from the xiphoid to the navel, the liver was stabilized with ligatures to visualize the subdiaphragmatic vagus nerves.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Butyric acid, a gut bacteria metabolite, lowers arterial blood pressure via colon-vagus nerve signaling and GPR41/43 receptors

Onyszkiewicz

Gawrys-Kopczynska

Konopelski

et al. 2019

Pflugers Arch - Eur J Physiol

121

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Butyric acid (BA) is a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) produced by gut bacteria in the colon. We hypothesized that colon-derived BA may affect hemodynamics. Arterial blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded in anesthetized, male, 14-week-old Wistar rats. A vehicle, BA, or 3-hydroxybutyrate, an antagonist of SCFA receptors GPR41/43 (ANT) were administered intravenously (IV) or into the colon (IC). Reactivity of mesenteric (MA) and gracilis muscle (GMA) arteries was tested ex vivo. The concentration of BA in stools, urine, portal, and systemic blood was measured with liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. BA administered IV decreased BP with no significant effect on HR. The ANT reduced, whereas L-NAME, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, did not affect the hypotensive effect of BA. In comparison to BA administered intravenously, BA administered into the colon produced a significantly longer decrease in BP and a decrease in HR, which was associated with a 2–3-fold increase in BA colon content. Subphrenic vagotomy and IC pretreatment with the ANT significantly reduced the hypotensive effect. Ex vivo, BA dilated MA and GMA. In conclusion, an increase in the concentration of BA in the colon produces a significant hypotensive effect which depends on the afferent colonic vagus nerve signaling and GPR41/43 receptors. BA seems to be one of mediators between gut microbiota and the circulatory system.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s00424-019-02322-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

show abstract

“…In the present study, ovulation in both ovaries was confirmed 4–6 days after vagotomy treatment, suggesting that the effect of vagotomy on the reestablishment of ovulation is due to the immediate effect that the vagus nerve has on noradrenaline activity in the ovaries rather than the changes in gonadotropin concentration. In this regard, Allen et al (1985) showed that vagotomy on the morning of proestrus did not prevent the proestrus LH surge and rats became estrus on the following day.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

In Adult Rats With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Unilateral or Bilateral Vagotomy Modifies the Noradrenergic Concentration in the Ovaries and the Celiac Superior Mesenteric Ganglia in Different Ways

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In rats with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) induced by estradiol valerate (EV) injection, sectioning of the vagus nerve in the juvenile stage restores ovulatory function, suggesting that the vagus nerve stimulates the onset and development of PCOS. We analyzed whether in adult rats, the role played by the vagus nerve in PCOS development is associated with the nerve’s regulation of noradrenergic activity in the celiac superior mesenteric ganglion (CSMG). Ten-day-old rats were injected with corn oil [vehicle (Vh)] or EV (2 mg). At 76 days of age, rats injected with Vh or EV were subjected to sham surgery or the sectioning of one or both vagus nerves (vagotomy). The animals were sacrificed at 80–82 days of age at vaginal estrus smear. Compared to Vh-treated animals, EV-induced PCOS rats showed a lack of ovulation, the presence of follicular cysts, and a high concentration of testosterone, without changes in noradrenaline concentrations in the CSMG or ovaries. In PCOS rats, sham surgery lowered serum testosterone and noradrenaline concentrations in the CSMG but did not restore ovulation. In animals with PCOS, vagotomy lowered testosterone concentrations to a larger degree than in sham-surgery animals. The ovaries of rats with PCOS and vagotomy showed fresh corpora lutea, indicating ovulation. In EV-treated rats with unilateral vagotomy, the concentration of noradrenaline in the CSMG was similar to that in rats with PCOS and sham surgery, which did not ovulate, while in the ovaries of PCOS rats with left or bilateral vagotomy, the noradrenaline concentration was lower than that in sham-surgery-treated animals. Our results suggest that the vagus nerve regulates PCOS development through a different mechanism than the increase in the noradrenergic activity in the CSMG; however, in ovaries, the restoration of ovulation is associated with a decrease in ovarian noradrenaline.

show abstract

Effects of abdominal vagotomy on serum LH concentrations in female rats

Cited by 6 publications

References 26 publications

Transection of the Pelvic or Vagus Nerve Forestalls Ripening of the Cervix and Delays Birth in Rats1

Transection of the Pelvic or Vagus Nerve Forestalls Ripening of the Cervix and Delays Birth in Rats1

Butyric acid, a gut bacteria metabolite, lowers arterial blood pressure via colon-vagus nerve signaling and GPR41/43 receptors

In Adult Rats With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Unilateral or Bilateral Vagotomy Modifies the Noradrenergic Concentration in the Ovaries and the Celiac Superior Mesenteric Ganglia in Different Ways

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About