Effects of Accumulation of Air Pollutants in Forest Ecosystems

Roberts, T. M.; Ulrich, B.; Pankrath, J.

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-6983-4

Cited by 230 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The number of plots with pH CaCl2 < 5 was 93 (of 100) in the upper depth interval and 124 (of 145) in the lower depth interval. The majority were acid soils and buffered via silicate weathering, cation exchange and, at lower pH, the dissolution of aluminium oxides and hydroxides (Ulrich, 1983).…”

Section: Site and Soil Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Acid deposition increases the concentration of protons (H + ) and strong acid anions (AA), including sulphate (SO 2À 4 ), nitrate (NO À 3 ) and chloride (Cl À ), in soils, which increases the rate of base cation (Bc ¼ Ca 2þ ; Mg 2þ ; K þ ; Na þ ) leaching and associated soil acidification. In forest soils, acid deposition is primarily buffered by Bc released from mineral weathering (Ulrich, 1983). However, when the rate of proton deposition exceeds Bc weathering, soil solution becomes more acidic, with a decrease in pH and acid neutralizing capacity (ANC), the difference between Bc and AA (ANC ¼ ðCa 2þ þ Mg 2þ þ K þ þ Na þ Þ À ðSO 2À 4 þ NO À 3 þ Cl À Þ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The response of soil solution chemistry in European forests to decreasing acid deposition

Johnson

Pannatier

Carnicelli

et al. 2018

Global Change Biology

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Acid deposition arising from sulphur (S) and nitrogen (N) emissions from fossil fuel combustion and agriculture has contributed to the acidification of terrestrial ecosystems in many regions globally. However, in Europe and North America, S deposition has greatly decreased in recent decades due to emissions controls. In this study, we assessed the response of soil solution chemistry in mineral horizons of European forests to these changes. Trends in pH, acid neutralizing capacity (ANC), major ions, total aluminium (Al ) and dissolved organic carbon were determined for the period 1995-2012. Plots with at least 10 years of observations from the ICP Forests monitoring network were used. Trends were assessed for the upper mineral soil (10-20 cm, 104 plots) and subsoil (40-80 cm, 162 plots). There was a large decrease in the concentration of sulphate (SO42-) in soil solution; over a 10-year period (2000-2010), SO42- decreased by 52% at 10-20 cm and 40% at 40-80 cm. Nitrate was unchanged at 10-20 cm but decreased at 40-80 cm. The decrease in acid anions was accompanied by a large and significant decrease in the concentration of the nutrient base cations: calcium, magnesium and potassium (Bc = Ca + Mg + K ) and Al over the entire dataset. The response of soil solution acidity was nonuniform. At 10-20 cm, ANC increased in acid-sensitive soils (base saturation ≤10%) indicating a recovery, but ANC decreased in soils with base saturation >10%. At 40-80 cm, ANC remained unchanged in acid-sensitive soils (base saturation ≤20%, pHCaCl2 ≤ 4.5) and decreased in better-buffered soils (base saturation >20%, pHCaCl2 > 4.5). In addition, the molar ratio of Bc to Al either did not change or decreased. The results suggest a long-time lag between emission abatement and changes in soil solution acidity and underline the importance of long-term monitoring in evaluating ecosystem response to decreases in deposition.

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Section: Site and Soil Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The response of soil solution chemistry in European forests to decreasing acid deposition

Johnson

Pannatier

Carnicelli

et al. 2018

Global Change Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thus, soil acidification can activate the transformation of Al minerals, promoting the change of bound Al to the ionic state. These forms of Al are available for higher plants in soil and exhibit phytotoxicity (Ulrich & Panbrath, 1983;MacDonald & Martin, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological and Growth Response of Sweet Corn Hybrids to Aluminum-Induced Stress

Jingsheng¹,

Li²,

Xie³

et al. 2020

JAS

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Aluminum (Al) stress has strong negative effects on growth, development and yield formation in crops. However, few studies focused on aluminum stress in sweet corn seedlings. In the present study, 18 sweet corn varieties were used to analyze the morphological and physiological changes of sweet corn seedlings in response to Al-induced stress. Results have shown that treatment by AlCl3, significantly affected root elongation, chlorophyll content, plant height, fresh weight, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, peroxidase (POD) activity, catalase (CAT) activity and Al content in root tips in sweet corn, according to the significant interaction by variety × AlCl3 treatment except for CAT. Al-induced stress inhibited root length in all sweet corn varieties, and it resulted in a decrease in chlorophyll content, plant height, fresh weight, and SOD activity in most of the sweet corn varieties. The treatment by AlCl3 increased in POD activity except for GLT31; however, the intensity of these effects varied among varieties. In addition, the correlation between morphological and physiological characteristics showed that Al content in root tips was negatively correlated with relative root growth (RRG) and chlorophyll content at a significant level of 0.01, and it was negatively correlated with CAT activity at the significant level of 0.05. There were significant positive correlations between plant height and fresh weight at a significant level of 0.01, and chlorophyll content was positively correlated with RRG and CAT at the significant level of 0.05. The principal component analysis showed that plant height, RRG, SOD activity, fresh weight, Al content of root tips and fresh weight were the main morphological and physiological characteristics in sweet corn seedlings affected by AlCl3 treatment. In addition, we found that HWT2, HWT1 and HZ388 were the high-tolerant varieties to Al treatment.

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Chemistry of throughfall, stemfall and litterfall in fertilized and irrigatedPinus radiata

Crockford

Khanna

1997

Hydrol. Process.

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Effects of Accumulation of Air Pollutants in Forest Ecosystems

Cited by 230 publications

References 0 publications

The response of soil solution chemistry in European forests to decreasing acid deposition

The response of soil solution chemistry in European forests to decreasing acid deposition

Physiological and Growth Response of Sweet Corn Hybrids to Aluminum-Induced Stress

Chemistry of throughfall, stemfall and litterfall in fertilized and irrigatedPinus radiata

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