Effects of acute and chronic exposure to cobalt on male reproduction in mice

Antimutagenic Effect of Selenium and Vitamins Against the Genotoxicity Induced by Cobalt Chloride in Mice

“…Tail deformities was reported to reduce fertility in human and animals (Topham 1983). Such results are coincide with the results obtained by other authors who reported that CoCl 2 induced hypoxic testicular damage in rats, decreased sperm motility, the percentage of motile forms and epididymal sperm concentration (Mollenhauer et al 1985, Pedigo et al 1988). Pedigo and Vernon (1993) observed reversible infertility in male mice exposed to 400 ppm CoCl 2 for 10 weeks.…”

Derivation of a chronic oral reference dose for cobalt

“…Also, as summarized in Table 4, the proposed RfD is somewhat higher than, but consistent with guidance values that have been set by the ATSDR and other health agencies. In 2003, for example, the United Kingdom Expert Group on Vitamins and Minerals (EGVM) established a Co guidance value of 1400 lg/day based on results from Pedigo et al (1988) that identified adverse effects on spermatogenesis at 12 week doses of 23.0 mg Co/kgday (HED of 3.2 mg Co/kg-day) and higher in CD-1 mice. EGVM applied a composite UF of 1000 (10 for LOAEL to NOAEL extrapolation, 10 for inter-species variation, and 10 for inter-individual variability) to derive a ''safe'' dose of 0.023 mg Co-kg/day.…”

“…Other studies on reproductive toxicity of Co similarly employed high oral Co doses and also reported reproductive effects: Domingo et al (1984) reported testicular atrophy in rats after three months at 31.7 mg Co/kg-day (HED = 7.6 mg Co/kg-day), and Anderson et al (1992Anderson et al ( , 1993 reported decreased testicular weight in mice after 9-13 weeks at 43.4 mg Co/kg-day (HED = 6 mg Co/ kg-day). In addition, Pedigo et al (1988) reported decreased spermatogenesis at 23.0 mg Co/kg-day in CD-1 mice exposed via drinking water for 7-11 weeks. Testicular degeneration was reported in Sprague Dawley rats exposed to approximately 20 mg Co/kg-day for 70 days Mollenhauer et al, 1985).…”

Some mineral, trace element and heavy metal concentrations in newborns with esophageal atresia and their mothers

“…Co can be measured in whole blood, serum and various tissues. There are no appointed markers or indicators of cobalt status [21,22]. There was no important difference between any of the groups in serum Co levels.…”