Effects of adding mannan oligosaccharides on digestibility and metabolism of nutrients, ruminal fermentation parameters, immunity, and antioxidant capacity of sheep1

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of adding mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS) on the following parameters in sheep: digestibility and retention rate of nutrients, ruminal fermentation, immunity, and antioxidant capacity. Twelve healthy crossbred wethers (Suffolk ♂ × Small tail Han-yang ♀) with external ruminal fistula and similar body weights (28.04 ± 2.07 kg) were fed individually four treatments, three repeats of each treatment. The wethers diets were supplemental MOS at 0%, 1.2%, 1.6%, and 2.0%·kg-1 of basal diet (as fed basis). The experiment lasted 17 d, including 10 d of acclimation and 7 d of formal experimentation. The results showed that MOS did not influence the apparent digestibility and retention rate of nutrients, ruminal fermentation, and immunity or concentration of serum nitric oxide and activity of serum nitric oxide synthase (P ≥ 0.07). However, the apparent digestibility of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber at MOS supplementation rates of 1.6% and 2.0% both tended to be greater than the control group (P ≤ 0.103). There was also moderate evidence that MOS might increase the nitrogen retention rate (P = 0.082). MOS increased the antioxidant ability of sheep (P ≤ 0.018), especially at a dose of 1.6%: an increase in activity of total superoxide dismutase (P = 0.007), glutathione peroxidase (P = 0.018) and total antioxidant capacity (P < 0.001), and a decrease in concentration of malondialdehyde (P < 0.001) were found. The results indicated that in sheep MOS improved fiber digestion, N retention and some antioxidant abilities, but these effects may be too small to improve health and performance.

Effects of Mannan Oligosaccharides on Gas Emission, Protein and Energy Utilization, and Fasting Metabolism in Sheep

“…A previous study found that GOS significantly increased the DE of sheep fed with Italian ryegrass hay and concentrate (3:2, on a DM basis), but did not affect nitrogen digestion and retention [24]. Other researchers reported that MOS did not affect the apparent digestibility and retention rate of nutrients in cattle and sheep [4,10]; these findings are in accordance with that of Goiri et al [25], who pointed out that chitosan did not influence the nutrients’ apparent digestibility. However, another study indicated that MOS enhanced the health of the ruminal epithelium of sheep by reducing the thickness of the stratum corneum, and it might have increased the nutrients digestion [9].…”

“…For instance, MOS bind to the mannose-specific lectin of Gram-negative pathogens that express Type-1 fimbriae (e.g., Escherichia coli ), resulting in their excretion from the intestine [7]. The limited research focusing on MOS in ruminants found that MOS improved the immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentration of lamb’s blood [8], enhanced the health of the ruminal epithelium of sheep [9], improved the colostrum quantity of cows [4], and increased the antioxidant capacity of sheep [10]. In previous study, β 1-4 galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) reduced the CH 4 production in sheep [11]; however, very few scientists have studied the effect of MOS on the energy metabolism and gas emission of ruminants.…”

Manno‐oligosaccharide preparation by the hydrolysis of konjac flour with a thermostable endo‐mannanase from Talaromyces cellulolyticus

“…MOSs are the prebiotics widely used in food and animal feed to improve gastrointestinal health (Forsatkar et al 2017;Zheng et al 2018;Nguyen et al 2019). The endomannanases capable of catalysing the hydrolysis of b-1,4linked bonds among the mannan substrates are valuable enzyme resources for MOSs production (Chauhan et al 2012).…”

Leveduras vivas e mananoligossacarídeos para prevenção de acidose ruminal subaguda

“…A forma mais eficiente de consegui-lo é através da gestão adequada dos programas de alimentação, o balanceamento correto da ração e, a utilização de aditivos alimentares que visam auxiliar o processo fermentativo no rúmen (Pinloche et al, 2013). Entre os aditivos alimentares mais importantes utilizados atualmente destacam-se os probióticos e prebioticos, por serem considerados compostos naturais, que além de melhorar o desempenho, têm um impacto positivo na saúde do indivíduo e no bem-estar dos animais (Hady et al, 2012;Mohammed et al, 2013;Broadway et al, 2015;Zheng et al, 2018;Diaz et al, 2018ab). Os probióticos como as culturas de levedura vivas como a Saccharomyces cerevisiae e prebióticos, particularmente os mananoligossacarídeos (MOS) são aditivos capazes de produzir uma variedade de respostas benéficas no hospedeiro.…”

“…Os prebióticos são definidos como ingredientes alimentares, constituídos basicamente por polissacarídeos e oligossacarídeos, que não são digeridos na porção proximal do trato gastrintestinal, principalmente de animais monogástricos (Rai et al, 2013). Nos ruminantes, os prebióticos estimulam o crescimento de diversas bactérias ruminais e intestinais benéficas, cujos metabólitos atuam melhorando o aproveitamento e a digestibilidade dos alimentos (Uyeno et al, 2015;Zheng et al 2018). Além disso, outros efeitos benéficos dos prebióticos, como agentes que atuam contra tumores, anti-inflamatórios, anti-mutagênicos, hipocolesterolêmico, hipoglicêmico e proteção contra infecções vem sendo estudados e comprovados (Kim et al, 2006).…”