Effects of adsorbed and templated nanosilver in mesoporous calcium-silicate nanoparticles on inhibition of bacteria colonization of dentin

Abstract

Mesoporous calcium-silicate nanoparticles (MCSNs) are advanced biomaterials for controlled drug delivery and mineralization induction. Nanosilver-incorporated MCSNs (Ag-MCSNs) were prepared in the present study using both the adsorption and template methods. Both versions of Ag-MCSNs showed characteristic morphology of mesoporous materials and exhibited sustained release of ions over time. In antibacterial testing against planktonic Enterococcus faecalis , Ag-MCSNs showed significantly better antibacterial effects when compared with MCSNs ( P <0.05). The Ag-MCSNs aggregated on the dentin surface of root canal walls and infiltrated into dentinal tubules after ultrasound activation, significantly inhibiting the adherence and colonization of E. faecalis on dentin ( P <0.05). Despite this, Ag-MCSNs with templated nanosilver showed much lower cytotoxicity than Ag-MCSNs with adsorbed nanosilver ( P <0.05). The results of the present study indicated that nanosilver could be incorporated into MCSNs using the template method. The templated nanosilver could release silver ions and inhibit the growth and colonization of E. faecalis both in the planktonic form and as biofilms on dentin surfaces as absorbed nanosilver. Templated Ag-MCSNs may be developed into a new intracanal disinfectant for root canal disinfection due to their antibacterial ability and low cytotoxicity, and as controlled release devices for other bioactive molecules to produce multifunctional biomaterials.

Sol–gel bioglasses in dental and periodontal regeneration: A systematic review

“…Among the 52 papers, 11 have studied pure BGs, 23 have assessed doped‐glasses, and 18 have used composite materials …”

“…Two articles have studied the effect of Ag‐BG on BMSCs. The first has concluded that the way Ag is incorporated determines the toxicity: adsorption being more toxic than templating.…”

“…Wang et al and Chatzistavrou et al showed that Ag kept its antibacterial action even when the Ag‐BGs were mixed with different organic polymers: Streptococcus mutans , Lactobacillus casei , Escherichia coli , and Enterococcus faecalis were respectively proved to be highly sensitive to the presence of Ag. Fan et al proved that the bactericidal action of Ag was independent of the way by which the Ag was incorporated into the glass: E. faecalis was completely and equally sacrificed both when the Ag was incorporated by absorption and when it was incorporating by template. Catauro et al showed that the bactericidal action of Ag‐doped glass against Staphylococcus aureus was concentration dependent.…”

The antibacterial properties and mechanism of nanosilver and nanozinc incorporated mesoporous calcium-silicate nanoparticles

“…Mesoporous calcium silicate nanoparticles (MCSNs) are newly synthesized advanced materials with multi-functions for root canal filling because of their special nanostructure, injectability, mineralization of apatite, antibacterial capability and drug delivery [7]. They can release Ca and Si ions and show great ability to deliver various biomolecules in a sustained manner [8][9]. The potential antimicrobial mechanisms of MCSNs are they release SiO 4 4− and Ca 2+ , creating a weak alkaline microenvironment, and the nano-size MCSNs could infiltrate the bacteria [7].…”

“…The potential antimicrobial mechanisms of MCSNs are they release SiO 4 4− and Ca 2+ , creating a weak alkaline microenvironment, and the nano-size MCSNs could infiltrate the bacteria [7]. They are considered as excellent platforms for the efficient delivery of drugs and osteanagenesis [8][9].…”