Effects of Aging and Surfactant Concentration on the Rheology and Droplet Size Distribution of a Nonaqueous Emulsion

Hamill, Richard D.; Petersen, Robert V.

doi:10.1002/jps.2600551120

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Flow properties were investigated using the dynamic viscosity (n, pa/s) as a function of time 150 s in addition to measurement of viscosity as a function of share rate (ranging from 1 to 100/s). [35,36] Flow type The flow type was determined using increased shear rate (1-100/s) linearly for 150 s. The measured viscosity versus shear rate curve indicates the flow type of anhydrous emulsion. [35,36] …”

Section: Rheologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[35,36] Flow type The flow type was determined using increased shear rate (1-100/s) linearly for 150 s. The measured viscosity versus shear rate curve indicates the flow type of anhydrous emulsion. [35,36] …”

Section: Rheologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The process parameters embrace the increased and decreased shear rate from 1-100/s and 100-1/s for 150 s. [35,36] Viscosity The viscosity of formulation was measured at changing shear rates from 1-100/s and 100/s with an equal stray. [35,36] …”

Section: Thixotropymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This angular scattering was measured with specially-designed detectors and particle size distribution is resolute. [35,36] The polydispersity index (PI) of anhydrous emulsion gives an indication of the width of size distribution of particle population in the emulsion.…”

Section: Drug Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Payghan

2016

AJP

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Aim: The study was to design a stable non-aqueous nanoemulsion (NANE) using cosmetically approved ingredients as a vehicle for the water sensitive active ingredients. Materials and Methods: NANE was designed to increase the dermal penetration and permeation and study solubility and dermal bioavailability of cholecalciferol. For better compliance incorporated the NANEs in cosmetics or personal care products. A non-aqueous system was obtained with glycerin and mineral oil stabilized by glycerol monosterate. It was observed that emulsification behavior is completely unpredictable and conventional theories of emulsification and HLB system cannot be applied here. An optimized non-aqueous cream was obtained through implementation of Box-Behnken experimental design. Cholecalciferol was used as model drug which converts into dehydro cholecalciferol in the presence of water. Result and Discussion: NANE was evaluated by pH, rheology, spreadability, drug content, globule size analysis, zeta potential, and stability. The stability studies (agitation, centrifugation, freeze thaw cycle, accelerated stability) were carried out at 5°C, 25°C and 40°C. Cream was stable at 5°C and 25°C. In vitro drug release shows slow permeation rate but increased retention of cholecalciferol in skin. A comparative study with aqueous formulation shows that non-aqueous cream offers a good stability for cholecalciferol. Conclusion: Results proved that NANE can be used as vehicle for the poorly water-soluble drug, suspension vehicles, and oleogels.

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Section: Rheologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rheologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Thixotropymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Drug Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Payghan

2016

AJP

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“…The yield stress is the stress that has to be overcome before the emulsion starts to flow (Barnes 1999). The system with higher surfactant concentration tends to form a denser interfacial layer, which is incompressible (Hamill & Petersen 1966). Hence, the droplets in such sterically stabilized system are usually characterized as 'hard sphere' (McClements 1999).…”

Section: Rheological Properties Of Emulsions Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication, Rheology and Antioxidant Activity of Palm Esters-based Emulsions Loaded with Tocotrienol

Mahiran

Zahariyah³

2014

AJSTD

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Palm oil esters are wax esters derived from palm oil and oleyl alcohol. Palm oil esters have many applications due to their luxurious moisturizing properties, non-greasy and blend easily with fragrances and colours when applied on skin surface. The aim of this research was to fabricate palm esters-based emulsions cream for topical delivery, characterise the rheological properties and in vitro antioxidant activity of the palm esters-based emulsions system.Emulsions containing palm oil esters loaded with tocotrienol were obtained in two stages, with propagation of rotor-stator at 6000 r.p.m. for 5 min and further emulsified using an ultrasound at various acoustic amplitudes for another 5 min. A stress/rate controlled Kinexus Rheometer with a temperature controller was used to measure the rheological properties of the emulsion. Rheology measurements were performed at 25.0°C ± 0.1°C with 4°/40 mm cone and plate geometry. The in vitro antioxidant activity was investigated using UV-Vis spectrophotometer.The yield stress of the emulsions increased with increasing acoustic amplitudes. The viscoelasticity of the emulsions were enhanced by the increase in the oil and surfactant concentrations. The emulsions with higher oil phase concentration [30% (w/w)] showed greater elasticity which implied strong dynamic rigidity of the emulsions. The cohesive energy increased significantly with surfactant concentration especially for the emulsions with 30% (w/w) oil phase concentration. The palm oil esters emulsions containing tocotrienol gave higher Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity values which implied higher antioxidant capability.The tocotrienol in emulsion with 30% (w/w) dispersed phase showed that they were the most stable with longest shelf life and exhibited greater inhibitory effects on the ABTS•+ .

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Effect of Surfactant Concentration on the Interfacial Viscosity of a Nonaqueous System

Hamill

Petersen

1966

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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Effects of Aging and Surfactant Concentration on the Rheology and Droplet Size Distribution of a Nonaqueous Emulsion

Cited by 20 publications

References 24 publications

Untitled

Untitled

Fabrication, Rheology and Antioxidant Activity of Palm Esters-based Emulsions Loaded with Tocotrienol

Effect of Surfactant Concentration on the Interfacial Viscosity of a Nonaqueous System

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