Effects of alfalfa flavonoids extract on the microbial flora of dairy cow rumen

Abstract

ObjectiveThe effect of flavonoids from alfalfa on the microbial flora was determined using molecular techniques of 16S ribosome deoxyribonucleic acid (rDNA) analysis.MethodsFour primiparous Holstein heifers fitted with ruminal cannulas were used in a 4×4 Latin square design and fed a total mixed ration to which alfalfa flavonoids extract (AFE) was added at the rates of 0 (A, control), 20 (B), 60 (C), or 100 (D) mg per kg of heifer BW.ResultsThe number of operational taxonomic units in heifers given higher levels of flavonoid extract (C and D) was higher than for the two other treatments. The Shannon, Ace, and Chao indices for treatment C were significantly higher than for the other treatments (p<0.05). The number of phyla and genera increased linearly with increasing dietary supplementation of AFE (p<0.05). The principal co-ordinates analysis plot showed substantial differences in the microbial flora for the four treatments. The microbial flora in treatment A was similar to that in B, C, and D were similar by the weighted analysis. The richness of Tenericutes at the phylum level tended to increase with increasing AFE (p = 0.10). The proportion of Euryarchaeota at the phylum level increased linearly, whereas the proportion of Fusobacteria decreased linearly with increasing AFE supplementation (p = 0.04). The percentage of Mogibacterium, Pyramidobacter, and Asteroleplasma at the genus level decreased linearly with increasing AFE (p<0.05). The abundance of Spirochaeta, Succinivibrio, and Suttonella at the genus level tended to decrease linearly with increasing AFE (0.05<p<0.10).ConclusionIncluding AFE in the diet of dairy cows may alter the microbial composition of the rumen; however its effect on nutrient digestibility remains to be determined.

A Mixed Phytogenic Modulates the Rumen Bacteria Composition and Milk Fatty Acid Profile of Water Buffaloes

“…As it was the case in this study, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes are the major bacterial phyla in both dairy cattle and buffaloes (50,(87)(88)(89)(90). A linear increase in Firmicutes was observed together with a decrease in Bacteroidetes.…”

Ecological plasticity in the gastrointestinal microbiomes of Ethiopian Chlorocebus monkeys

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Effect of mixture of herbal plants on ruminal fermentation, degradability and gas production

“…A major goal of livestock production system today is restriction of using antibiotics and other synthetic medicinal chemistry as feed additives and growth promoters, versus natural growth promoters (NGPs) as effective alternatives to those products. Using antibiotic in ruminant nutrition as a supplement are widely applied to alter rumen fermentation and methane emission but due to the extreme of using antibiotic led to be resistance against different drugs by animals in addition antibiotics transfer to ruminant product (milk or meat) which could threaten human health (Zhan et al, 2017;Bayat et al, 2018;Khattab, Abd El Tawab, Hadhoud, & Shaaban, 2020). So, European Union (EU) banned using antibiotics as feed additive, this radical change in laws resulted in an intensive development of research that relates to find effective natural compounds that could inhibit GHG and modulate the rumen fermentation (Matloup et al, 2017) Many studies have focused on the alternative strategies development to maintain animal productive performance and health (Khattab, Ebeid, Abd El Tawab, Abo El-Nor, & Aboamer, 2016;Khattab et al, 2017;Khattab & Tawab, 2018;Matloup et al, 2017).…”