Effects of Alkaline-Reduced Water on Gastrointestinal Diseases

Abstract

Living a healthy lifestyle is the most important need in the world today. However, oxidative stress (OS) is caused by several stress-inducing factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, chronic diseases, and inflammatory responses, oxygen-free radicals are produced in excess and can damage major organs in the body. This phenomenon has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several gastrointestinal (GI) diseases, including gastritis, constipation, and inflammatory bowel diseases, which include Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, functional dyspepsia, acid reflux, diverticular disease, and irritable bowel syndrome. In this review article, we provide a brief overview of the role of OS in the pathogenesis of GI disorders. Additionally, we discuss the therapeutic role of alkaline-reduced water (ARW) on GI diseases and existing studies on ARW related to GI diseases. Furthermore, we believe that findings from this review article will enhance the knowledge of the readers on the role of ARW on OS and inflammation-based GI diseases.

A Concentrations Of pH, Chromium, and MPN Coliform Parameters in Alkaline Water

“…Rich in alkaline minerals, it helps in buffering acidic conditions in the body. With an abundance of available electrons, IAW promotes cells to destroy harmful free radicals [16] [26].…”

“…Based on the results of monitoring for 60 days, there was a decrease of ±0.1-1. The pH conditions in alkaline water can change due to the following factors [16]: a. CO2 Concentration in Water The concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) dissolved in water is a factor that affects pH. Carbon dioxide triggers an increase in the concentration of hydrogen ions which decrease the pH level of the water.…”

Analysis of Biological and Chemical Parameters in Alkaline Water of Various Brands in Indonesia

“…In accordance with the results of the examination above, it can be seen that the process of making and producing alkaline water of various brands in the market under study have been processed properly following the Good Food Production Methods (CPPB), so alkaline water is free from E. the presence of coliform contamination coming fromthe feces of humans and warm-blooded animals contained in septic tanks. Septic tank leaks are the cause of contamination of groundwater with coliforms and E. Coli [7]. E.coli in the open-air live in the soil.…”

“…Any toxicant that enters the body will affect the condition of body fluids, especially the blood pH; the more toxicants enter the body, the more acidic the blood pH will become [7] [8]. Blood and body tissues require alkaline conditions to maintain balance in the body's metabolic processes; one effort that can be made to determine the blood pH is by testing the pH of the urine using a pH strip, or litmus paper.…”

Investigation on the Effects and Mechanisms of Alkaline Natural Mineral Water and Distilled Water on Ethanol-Induced Gastric Ulcers In Vivo and In Vitro

“…However, long-term use of these drugs can lead to drug resistance and side effects [7]. Therefore, increasingly, alternative therapies, including lifestyle changes, healthy diet choices, and the use of natural products and functional water, have become hot topics of interest [10].…”