Effects of Allium victorialis leaf extracts and its single compounds on aldose reductase, advanced glycation end products and TGF-β1 expression in mesangial cells

Abstract

BackgroundAccumulating evidences suggest that aldose reductase (AR) inhibitors and advanced glycation end product (AGE) formation inhibitors may prevent chronic hyperglycemia-induced long-term complication in diabetes. Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) plays an important role in the development of diabetic nephropathy. Allium species have been utilized in folk medicine throughout the world for the treatment of various physical disorders. However, the benefits of Allium victorialis (A. victorialis) against diabetic complications, especially nephropathy, have yet to be explored. In the present study, we investigated the protective effect of the compounds isolated from A. victorialis leaf on diabetic nephropathy.MethodsIn vitro AR activity, AGEs formation, and AGE-receptor for AGEs (RAGE) binding in human RAGE (hRAGE)-overexpressing cells were tested. High glucose-induced transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) expression was also examined in mouse kidney mesangial cells (MMCs) cultured under high glucose.ResultsOf the isolated eight compounds from A. victorialis leaf extracts tested, quercitrin exhibited the most pronounced inhibitory effects on AR activity (IC50 value of 0.17 μM) and AGEs formation (IC50 value of 4.20 μM). Furthermore, quercitrin disrupted AGE-RAGE binding in a concentration-dependent manner in hRAGE-overexpressing cells. Additionally, of the eight compounds tested, ferulic acid significantly reduced high glucose-induced TGF-β1 expression and secretion in MMCs.ConclusionsOur results suggest that active compounds isolated from A. victorialis leaf exhibit inhibitory effects on AR activity in rat lenses and AGE formation. Further, ferulic acid reduces TGF-β1 mRNA expression and secretion in MMCs under diabetic conditions. Thus, A. victorialis is a good candidate for the development of treatments for diabetic nephropathy.

Therapeutic Potential of Polyphenols from Epilobium Angustifolium (Fireweed)

“…Promotes osteoblast differentiation and inhibits osteoclastogenesis, antioxidative, antileishmanial activity, inhibitor of aldose reductase, p90S6 ribosomal kinase (RSK), AP-1 and MAPK signaling, protects mice against fatal anaphylactic shock (Khlebnikov et al, 2007;Cruz et al, 2008;Ding et al, 2010;da Silva et al, 2012;Derewenda et al, 2013;Kim et al, 2013;Satue et al, 2013;Yin et al, 2013) 2015; Kaskoniene et al, 2015b). Oenothein B is comprised of two tellimagrandin I monomers linked between the hexahydroxydiphenoyl groups and the galloyl groups on the glucopyranose ring ( Fig.…”

Advanced glycation end product accumulation

“…For instance, the use of hexane extracts from the leaves of the plant, Piper auritum , inhibited the formation of AGEs and limited oxidative stress in cell culture and in a murine model of diabetic nephropathy [80]. Similarly, the use of quercetin from leaf extracts of the plant, Allium victorialis , inhibited AGEs formation in cultured mouse kidney mesangial cells [81]. The oral administration of 2-dodecyl-6-methoxycyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione from the roots of the plant, Averrhoa carambola , has shown to be effective in attenuating AGEs formation and progression of kidney disease in diabetic mice [82].…”

A branched arabinoglucan from Angelica sinensis ameliorates diabetic renal damage in rats

“…The formation of AGEs occurs as a result of the Maillard reaction, a nonenzymatic modification of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids by reducing sugars. It has been reported that low‐molecular weight heparin (LMWH; Myint et al, ), a β‐(1,2)‐fructan with branches at O‐6 and terminating with a glucosyl residue (Xiao et al, ), quercitrin (Kim et al, ), and genistein (Jung et al, ) antagonize AGE action on RAGE and have preventive effects on DN. LMWH binds RAGE with an affinity approximately six times higher than AGEs.…”

“…The formation of AGEs occurs as a result of the Maillard reaction, a nonenzymatic modification of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids by reducing sugars. It has been reported that lowmolecular weight heparin (LMWH; Myint et al, 2006), a β-(1,2)fructan with branches at O-6 and terminating with a glucosyl residue (Xiao et al, 2013), quercitrin (Kim et al, 2013), and genistein (Jung et al, 2012) Generally speaking, different RAGE ligands induce different signaling pathways in a given type of cell. In accordance with this, cellular biological outcomes are also diverse and at least include hyperproliferation, induction of apoptosis, and increased motility (Sakaguchi et al, 2011).…”