Effects of aloe emodin on U87MG glioblastoma cell growth: In vitro and in vivo study

Arcella, Antonietta; Oliva, Maria Antonietta; Staffieri, Sabrina; Sanchez, Massimo; Madonna, Michele; Riozzi, Barbara; Esposito, Vincenzo; Giangaspero, Felice; Frati, Luigi

doi:10.1002/tox.22622

Cited by 28 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…α-Bisabolol, which is a natural compound strongly inducing apoptosis in glioma cells [2], or β-Elemene, i.e., a natural plant drug obtained from Curcuma wenyujin inducing apoptosis in glioblastoma cells, exert promising anticancer effects against a broad spectrum of tumors [32,67]. Another example of molecules characterized by an anticancer effect on human glioblastoma cell line U87MG is aloe emodin, i.e., an anthraquinone compound present in the leaves of Aloe arborescens, and hispolon, which is a polyphenolic compound isolated from Phellinus linteus [68]. The study presented in this paper is the first attempt to search for phytochemicals contained in Arnica rhizomes and roots characterized by antiglioma activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Characteristics and Anticancer Activity of Essential Oil from Arnica Montana L. Rhizomes and Roots

et al. 2020

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Arnica montana L. is a medicinal plant with diverse biological activities commonly used in pharmacy and cosmetics. The attributes of A. montana are mainly related to the concentration and chemical composition of essential oils (EOs). Therefore, the objective of this study was to characterize the chemical composition of EOs derived from A. montana rhizomes and roots taking into account the age of the plants and to investigate the effect of the analyzed EOs on induction of apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy in human glioblastoma multiforme T98G and anaplastic astrocytoma MOGGCCM cell lines. Rhizomes and roots of mountain arnica were harvested at the end of the third and fourth vegetation periods. The chemical composition of essential oils was determined with the GC–MS technique. Among the 37 components of the essential oil of A. montana, 2,5-dimethoxy-p-cymene (46.47%–60.31%), 2,6-diisopropylanisole (14.48%–23.10%), thymol methyl ether (5.31%–17.79%), p-methoxyheptanophenone (5.07%–9.65%), and α-isocomene (0.68%–2.87%), were detected in the rhizomes and roots of the three-year-old plants and in the rhizomes and roots of the four-year-old plants. The plant part (rhizome, root) and plant age can be determinants of the essential oil composition and, consequently, their biological activity. The induction of apoptosis (but not autophagy nor necrosis) at a level of 28.5%–32.3% is a promising result, for which 2,5-dimethoxy-p-cymene, 2,6-diisopropylanisole, thymol methyl ether, and p-methoxyheptanophenone are probably mainly responsible. The present study is the first report on the anticancer activities of essential oils from A. montana rhizomes and roots.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Characteristics and Anticancer Activity of Essential Oil from Arnica Montana L. Rhizomes and Roots

et al. 2020

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“…Aloe-emodin in aloe vera, 6-gingerol in ginger and piperine in black pepper are all reported to inhibit tumor invasion and metastasis through the suppression of expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2/9 (38,42). All ingredients of BU, except epsom salts, have been revealed to exert apoptotic activity in various cancer cell lines, including SMMC-7721 (56), a human glioblastoma cell line (U87MG) (57), prostate cancer (58), H460 non-small cell lung carcinoma (59), adriamycin-resistant human leukemia (K562/ADR) (60), MCF-7 (61), IOMM-Lee and CH157MN (62) via the overexpression of BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator (60)(61)(62), caspase 3 (57,62), caspase 8 (57), caspase 9 (59), induced ROS accumulation (56,61) or via the AKT/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway (60).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti‑angiogenic and anti‑proliferative effects of Benja‑ummarit extract in rats with hepatocellular carcinoma

et al. 2020

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The herbal extract Benja-ummarit (BU) is a traditional Thai medicine with a putative cancer-suppressing effect. However, this effect has only been tested in vitro in human hepatocarcinoma cell lines. The present study determined the efficacy of a BU extract to treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in rats in vivo and established its anti-angiogenic and anti-proliferative properties. The BU extract was prepared in 95% ethanol and its composition determined using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. HCC was induced in Wistar rats by an injection of diethylnitrosamine (DEN), followed 2 weeks later by injections of thioacetamide (TAA) thrice weekly for 4 weeks. Following 2 months, the DEN-TAA-treated rats were divided into 6 groups that were treated orally for another 2 months with: i) No treatment; ii) vehicle; iii) 30 mg/kg sorafenib (SF); iv) 1 mg/kg BU; v) 10 mg/kg BU; or vi) 50 mg/kg BU. Liver samples were collected for gross morphological, histological, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot analyses, and serum samples were collected for liver function tests. The size and number of the cancer nodules were reduced ~10-fold in BU-treated HCC groups and ~14-fold in the SF-treated group compared with the HCC group. Furthermore, the serum parameters of liver damage were lower in BU-compared with SF-treated rats. These results indicate that while each of these formulations strongly reduce HCC expansion, BU extract results in less liver damage. Vascular endothelial growth factor expression was reduced significantly in the BU-and SF-treated HCC groups compared with the HCC group (P<0.05). BU extract antagonizes HCC growth in vivo potently through inhibiting tumor angiogenesis. BU, therefore, qualifies as a promising medical herb requiring further evaluation as a treatment of HCC.

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“…The antitumor effects of rhubarb anthraquinones are mainly focused on the inhibition of brain tumor growth by inducing apoptosis[10, 55–58]. Plenty of in vitro studies have shown danthron can inhibit glioma growth[10, 55–57], which is a brain tumor with poor prognosis and usually develops into high-grade malignancies[15, 59].…”

Section: Neuroprotective Effects Of Anthraquinones From Rhubarb Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroprotective Effects of Anthraquinones from Rhubarb in Central Nervous System Diseases

Chu

Liu

et al. 2019

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Rhubarb is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine; it has been used in China for thousands of years. Rhubarb anthraquinones are the major medicinal ingredients derived from rhubarb including emodin, aloe-emodin, chrysophanol, rhein, physcion, and danthron. These different anthraquinone derivatives alone or in combination play a therapeutic role in central nervous system diseases (CNSD), such as cerebral ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, traumatic brain injury, brain tumor, Alzheimer’s disease, depression, and others. We review the experimental studies on these six anthraquinones in the treatment of CNSD by consulting literature published in the last 20 years in PubMed and then give a future perspective on it. In the end of this paper some deficiencies related to these studies also have been pointed out.

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Effects of aloe emodin on U87MG glioblastoma cell growth: In vitro and in vivo study

Cited by 28 publications

References 20 publications

Chemical Characteristics and Anticancer Activity of Essential Oil from Arnica Montana L. Rhizomes and Roots

Chemical Characteristics and Anticancer Activity of Essential Oil from Arnica Montana L. Rhizomes and Roots

Anti‑angiogenic and anti‑proliferative effects of Benja‑ummarit extract in rats with hepatocellular carcinoma

Neuroprotective Effects of Anthraquinones from Rhubarb in Central Nervous System Diseases

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