Effects of an ELF (50 Hz, 1 mT) electromagnetic field (EMF) on concentration in visual attention, perception and memory including effects of EMF sensitivity

Trimmel, Michael; Schweiger, Elke

doi:10.1016/s0378-4274(98)00096-4

Cited by 62 publications

(56 citation statements)

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“…According to some reports, ELF/EMF can improve social recognition (short term memory) in rats 24,39 while Trimmel et al reported a reduction in memory performance following 50Hz EMF exposure. 25 According to our findings, exposure of the animals to ELF/EMF with either frequencies of 3 Hz or 60 Hz had no effect on long term memory (Figure 3). Electromagnetic fields might alter short term memory and have mild or no effects on long term memory.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Many studies revealed that ELF/EMF exposures can alter some animal behaviors. 24,25,32,33 Since most of behaviors are controlled by different brain's nuclei and neurotransmitter systems, it seems that ELF/EMFs do not interact with all part of CNS or at least do not affect all parts of it in the same way. In the present study, effects of ELF/EMF exposure with frequencies of 3 Hz and 60 Hz on anxiety like behaviors, long term memory and unit activity of LC were studied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…24 Cognitive performance in attention can be reduced in the presence of 50 Hz EMF according to a previous study. 25 In addition, high intensity electromagnetic can induce de- pression or metabolic disturbances. 26 It is also suggested that the exposure of 50 Hz ELF-MFs can cause oxidative stress-based nervous system pathologies associated with ageing 27 and increase blood brain barrier permeability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of 3 Hz and 60 Hz Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields on Anxiety-Like Behaviors, Memory Retention of Passive Avoidance and Electrophysiological Properties of Male Rats

et al. 2016

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IntroductionThe effects of electromagnetic fields on biological organisms have been a controversial and also interesting debate over the past few decades, because modern civilization is overwhelmed by a broad range of electromagnetic fields, including extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF/EMF). Numerous investigations, from monitoring changes at molecular levels to the behavioral aspects, have been carried out in vitro and in vivo in order to illustrate different effects of ELF/EMF e.g., its impacts on cells, 1 hormones, 2-6 neurophysiological properties and sleep, 7,8 biochemical factors and metabolism, 9-11 pathology, 12,13 DNA damages and chromosome abnormalities, [14][15][16][17][18][19] reproduction and development, 20 and cancer. [21][22][23] On the other hand, the fact that central nervous system (CNS) as a very complicated electrochemical system may be influenced by electromagnetic fields attracts many researches interests. Vázquez-García et al reported that exposure to 60 Hz ELF/EMF can improves social recognition in male rats. The effects of electromagnetic fields on biological organisms have been a controversial and also interesting debate over the past few decades, despite the wide range of investigations, many aspects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF/EMFs) effects including mechanism of their interaction with live organisms and also their possible biological applications still remain ambiguous. In the present study, we investigated whether the exposures of ELF/EMF with frequencies of 3 Hz and 60 Hz can affect the memory, anxiety like behaviors, electrophysiological properties and brain's proteome in rats. Methods: Male rats were exposed to 3 Hz and 60 Hz ELF/EMFs in a protocol consisting of 2 cycles of 2 h/day exposure for 4 days separated with a 2-day interval. Short term memory and anxiety like behaviors were assessed immediately, 1 and 2 weeks after the exposures. Effects of short term exposure were also assessed using electrophysiological approach immediately after 2 hours exposure. Results: Behavioral test revealed that immediately after the end of exposures, locomotor activity of both 3 Hz and 60 Hz exposed groups significantly decreased compared to sham group. This exposure protocol had no effect on anxiety like behavior during the 2 weeks after the treatment and also on short term memory. A significant reduction in firing rate of locus coeruleus (LC) was found after 2 hours of both 3 Hz and 60 Hz exposures. Proteome analysis also revealed global changes in whole brain proteome after treatment. Conclusion: Here, some evidence regarding the fact that such exposures can alter locomotor activity and neurons firing rate in male rats were presented.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of 3 Hz and 60 Hz Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields on Anxiety-Like Behaviors, Memory Retention of Passive Avoidance and Electrophysiological Properties of Male Rats

et al. 2016

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“…All used standardized questionnaires for symptom evaluation; two used dermatologists for clinical evaluation (26,28), and two used blood sampling for hormone evaluation (7,29). The quality of the methodology in these experimental studies is considered good, but sample sizes are limited (16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35), and simple statistical analyses are provided by the authors. All the studies were negative except one, which gave an equivocal result (26) but were not reproduced in a more robust study in terms of number of subjects and duration of the experiment (27).…”

Section: Experimental Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypersensitivity of human subjects to environmental electric and magnetic field exposure: a review of the literature.

Levallois

2002

Environ Health Perspect

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Hypersensitivity to exposure to electric and magnetic fields (EMFs) has been reported for nearly 20 years; however, the literature on the subject is still very limited. Nearly all the literature published concerns a dermatological syndrome that consists of mainly subjective symptoms (itching, burning, dryness) and a few objective symptoms (redness, dryness) appearing after individuals begin working with video display units and decreasing during absence from work. Case-control studies as well as some good but limited double-blind trials have not found any clear relationship between this syndrome and exposure to EMFs. A "general syndrome" with more general symptoms has been rarely described but seems to have a worse prognosis. The symptoms often associated with skin disorders are mainly of neurasthenic type and can cover a lot of nonspecific symptoms present in other atypical syndromes such as multiple chemical sensitivity or chronic fatigue. Most of these symptoms are allegedly triggered by exposure to different sources of EMFs, but there have been no valid etiological studies published on this more general syndrome. It appears that the so-called hypersensitivity to environmental electric and magnetic fields is an unclear health problem whose nature has yet to be determined.

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“…Mindenesetre utóbbi, váratlan "irányultságú" eredmények nem támasztják alá meggyôzôen az elektromágneses terek egészségkárosító hatását. Ráadásul a hét pozitív eredményt hozó vizsgálat közül háromban fontos statisztikai hiányosságokat találtak (Johansson, 1995;Sjöberg & Hamnerius, 1995;Trimmel & Schweiger, 1998), másik kettônek az eredményeit a szerzô kutatócsoportok a késôbbiekben nem tudták reprodukálni (Oftedal, Nyvang, & Moen, 1999;Wang, 1995), a maradék két vizsgálat pedig ellentmondásos eredményekre vezetett, sôt késôbbi kutatások is megcáfolták ôket (Mueller és mtsai, 2002;Zwamborn és mtsai, 2003). A szerzôk öt évvel késôbb készült újabb áttekintése -melyben további 15 provokációs kísérlet eredményeit dolgozták fel -sem eredményezett az elektromágneses expozíció és a tünetek közvetlen ok-okozati viszonyát támogató adatokat (Rubin és mtsai, 2010).…”

Section: A Pszichogén Elmélet Bizonyítékaiunclassified

Electromagnetic hypersensitivity in the light of empirical results

Szemerszky¹

2011

Mentálhigiéné és Pszichoszomatika

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Az elektromágneses túlérzékenység (electromagnetic hypersensitivity -EHS) a modern korral együtt járó egészségi problémák egyik tipikus képviselôje, lényegében a mûködô elektromos eszközök és berendezések közelében észlelt kellemetlen közérzetet és nem-specifikus tüneteket takarja. Jelen narratív összefoglaló áttekinti a jelenség definiálásával, diagnózisával és terápiájával kapcsolatos legfontosabb problémákat, a különféle magyarázó elméleteket, valamint az azokat alátámasztó empirikus eredményeket. A leginkább elfogadott megközelítés szerint az EHS esetében az idiopátiás környezeti intolerancia (idiopathic environmental intolerance -IEI) egyik válfajáról van szó, ahol az ok-okozati viszonyok még nem világosak. Bár az elektromágneses terek és sugárzások közvetlen hatása ("toxikogén" megközelítés) sem kizárható, a legtöbb bizonyíték a "pszichogén" eredet mellett szól. A tünetek ál-expozícióval is kiválthatók, a betegekre fokozott szomatizációs és szomatoszenzoros amplifikációs hajlam jellemzô, ezért a jelenséget sokan a nocebo-hatással kapcsolják össze. Összességében elmondható az, hogy egy tipikusan multikauzális, csak biopszichoszociális megközelítésben megragadható és kezelhetô problémáról van szó.

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Effects of an ELF (50 Hz, 1 mT) electromagnetic field (EMF) on concentration in visual attention, perception and memory including effects of EMF sensitivity

Cited by 62 publications

References 6 publications

Effects of 3 Hz and 60 Hz Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields on Anxiety-Like Behaviors, Memory Retention of Passive Avoidance and Electrophysiological Properties of Male Rats

Effects of 3 Hz and 60 Hz Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields on Anxiety-Like Behaviors, Memory Retention of Passive Avoidance and Electrophysiological Properties of Male Rats

Hypersensitivity of human subjects to environmental electric and magnetic field exposure: a review of the literature.

Electromagnetic hypersensitivity in the light of empirical results

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