Effects of arsenic exposure from drinking water on spatial memory, ultra-structures and NMDAR gene expression of hippocampus in rats

Luo, Jiaohua; Qiu, Zhiqun; Shu, Weiqun; Zhang, Yongyan; Zhang, Liang; Chen, Jian

doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2008.10.029

Cited by 146 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Additionally, rats exposed to inorganic arsenic in drinking water at 68 mg/L for 3 months showed a significant decrease in their spatial memory, while neurons and endothelial cells presented pathological changes, and the gene expression of aspartate receptors in the hippocampus was down-regulated. These effects were not seen at 2.72 and 13.6 mg/L (Luo, 2009). …”

Section: Inorganic Arsenicmentioning

confidence: 84%

Scientific Opinion on Arsenic in Food

2009

EFSA Journal

877

220

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The EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM Panel) assessed the risks to human health related to the presence of arsenic in food. More than 100,000 occurrence data on arsenic in food were considered with approximately 98 % reported as total arsenic. Making a number of assumptions for the contribution of inorganic arsenic to total arsenic, the inorganic arsenic exposure from food and water across 19 European countries, using lower bound and upper bound concentrations, has been estimated to range from 0.13 to 0.56 µg/kg bodyweight (b.w.) per day for average consumers, and from 0.37 to 1.22 µg/kg b.w. per day for 95 th percentile consumers. Dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic for children under three years of age is in general estimated to be from 2 to 3-fold that of adults. The CONTAM Panel concluded that the provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI) of 15 µg/kg b.w. established by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) is no longer appropriate as data had shown that inorganic arsenic causes cancer of the lung and urinary bladder in addition to skin, and that a range of adverse effects had been reported at exposures lower than those reviewed by the JECFA. The CONTAM Panel modelled the dose-response data from key for providing consumption information and calculating exposure, the partners of the EFSA project on the "Individual food consumption data and exposure" coordinated by Ghent University (Department of Public Health, University Hospital, Ghent University, Belgium), and RIKILT (Institute of Food Safety, Wageningen, The Netherlands) for the accessibility of the exposure assessment tools. 4 Table of contents shows now the fourth level of subheadings. 5 An error in the interpretation of the total number of the population in the study of Rahman et al. (2006a) was discovered (Table 41). The BMDL was recalculated and as a consequence it was not considered a potential reference point. The text in the opinion, Table 43 and Appendix were revised accordingly. In addition, the header of the "total number of cases" was replaced by "total number of individuals" in Tables 40-42 and the erroneous units were corrected to µg/L in the text below SUMMARYArsenic is a metalloid that occurs in different inorganic and organic forms, which are found in the environment both from natural occurrence and from anthropogenic activity. The inorganic forms of arsenic are more toxic as compared to the organic arsenic but so far most of the occurrence data in food collected in the framework of official food control are still reported as total arsenic without differentiating the various arsenic species. The need for speciation data is evident because several investigations have shown that especially in seafood most of the arsenic is present in organic forms that are less toxic. Consequently, a risk assessment not taking into account the different species but considering total arsenic as being present exclusively as inorganic arsenic would lead to a considerable overestimation of the health risk rel...

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Section: Inorganic Arsenicmentioning

confidence: 84%

Scientific Opinion on Arsenic in Food

2009

EFSA Journal

877

220

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“…It has been shown that exposure to arsenic and its metabolites affects NMDA receptors in the hippocampus, which play an essential role in synaptic plasticity, learning and memory. This may lead to neurobehavioural disorders and cognitive dysfunctions (Luo et al, 2009;Krüger et al, 2009). Recent studies have also pointed out the role of oxidative stress associated with exposure to arsenic and other metallic trace elements as a cause of neuronal insult in certain pathologies such as autism (Kern and Jones, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, evidence of toxic effects of other metallic trace elements such as arsenic, cadmium and manganese have been less evaluated in humans (Counter and Buchanan, 2004), and the evidence of their neurotoxic effects derives from experimental studies in animals (Shagirtha et al, 2011;Luo et al, 2009;Krüger et al, 2009;Aschner et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of arsenic, cadmium and manganese exposure with neurodevelopment and behavioural disorders in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Rodríguez‐Barranco

Lacasaña

Aguilar-Garduño

et al. 2013

Science of The Total Environment

283

148

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“…Moreover, animal studies have shown a dose-dependent accumulation of As in many parts of the brain [31,32] that play important roles in human cognition and memory. In As-exposed rodents, morphological and neurochemical changes have been noted in the hippocampus, along with expectable learning and memory deficits [33,34]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cross-sectional study of well water arsenic and child IQ in Maine schoolchildren

et al. 2014

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BackgroundIn recent studies in Bangladesh and elsewhere, exposure to arsenic (As) via drinking water is negatively associated with performance-related aspects of child intelligence (e.g., Perceptual Reasoning, Working Memory) after adjustment for social factors. Because findings are not easily generalizable to the US, we examine this relation in a US population.MethodsIn 272 children in grades 3–5 from three Maine school districts, we examine associations between drinking water As (WAs) and intelligence (WISC-IV).ResultsOn average, children had resided in their current home for 7.3 years (approximately 75% of their lives). In unadjusted analyses, household well WAs is associated with decreased scores on most WISC-IV Indices. With adjustment for maternal IQ and education, HOME environment, school district and number of siblings, WAs remains significantly negatively associated with Full Scale IQ and Perceptual Reasoning, Working Memory and Verbal Comprehension scores. Compared to those with WAs < 5 μg/L, exposure to WAs ≥ 5 μg/L was associated with reductions of approximately 5–6 points in both Full Scale IQ (p < 0.01) and most Index scores (Perceptual Reasoning, Working Memory, Verbal Comprehension, all p’s < 0.05). Both maternal IQ and education were associated with lower levels of WAs, possibly reflecting behaviors (e.g., water filters, residential choice) limiting exposure. Both WAs and maternal measures were associated with school district.ConclusionsThe magnitude of the association between WAs and child IQ raises the possibility that levels of WAs ≥ 5 μg/L, levels that are not uncommon in the United States, pose a threat to child development.

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Effects of arsenic exposure from drinking water on spatial memory, ultra-structures and NMDAR gene expression of hippocampus in rats

Cited by 146 publications

References 23 publications

Scientific Opinion on Arsenic in Food

Scientific Opinion on Arsenic in Food

Association of arsenic, cadmium and manganese exposure with neurodevelopment and behavioural disorders in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis

A cross-sectional study of well water arsenic and child IQ in Maine schoolchildren

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