Effects of Artichoke Leaf Extract on Acute Gastric Mucosal Injury in Rats

Abstract

The present study was designed to clarify the effects of an ethanol extract of artichoke leaf on acute gastric mucosal injury in rats. Oral administration of artichoke leaf extract dose-dependently prevented absolute ethanol-induced (125-500 mg/kg) or restraint plus water immersion stress-induced gastric mucosal injury (1000-2000 mg/kg). The artichoke leaf extract contains 1% cynaropicrin and 0.8% chlorogenic acid as main components and 70% dextrin as a vehicle. Cynaropicrin at doses of 1/100 of artichoke leaf extract [ethanol-induced mucosal injury: 5 mg/kg, per os (p.o.); stress-induced mucosal injury: 20 mg/kg, p.o.] also prevented gastric mucosal injury in both animal models. However, dextrin and chlorogenic acid at doses contained in the leaf extract were ineffective in both models. When artichoke leaf extract was given orally to normal rats, it (500-2000 mg/kg, p.o.) dose-dependently increased gastric mucus content. In addition, it (125-500 mg/kg, p.o.) dosedependently prevented the decrease in gastric mucus content by absolute ethanol. When the effects of artichoke leaf extract on basal gastric acid secretion in rats were evaluated, it (500-2000 mg/kg, p.o.) dose-dependently increased the volume of gastric juice in normal rats. However, it was ineffective in decreasing basal gastric acid secretion in normal rats. These results indicate that artichoke leaf extract is effective against acute gastritis and its beneficial effect is due to that of cynaropicrin. The gastric mucus-increasing action of artichoke leaf extract may be, at least in part, related to the anti-gastritic action of the extract.

Sesquiterpenoids in subtribe Centaureinae (Cass.) Dumort (tribe Cardueae, Asteraceae): Distribution, 13C NMR spectral data and biological properties

“…It has been shown that artichoke leaf extract is effective against acute gastritis and its beneficial effect is due to that of cynaropicrin (162) (Ishida et al, 2010).…”

Syzygium aromaticum water extract attenuates ethanol-induced gastric injury through antioxidant effects in rats

“…Gastric lesions were induced via intragastric administration of absolute ethanol, according to a previously described method (25)(26)(27) with minor modification. A total of 35 rats were divided into five groups (n=7/group) and fasted for 18 h prior to the experiment.…”

Anti-Ulcerative Potential of Some Fruits and the Extracts

“…However, in some cases, chlorogenic acid seems to be ineffective in preventing gastric ulcers in animal models. Ishida et al (2010) reported that oral administration of chlorogenic acid (4 mg/kg or 16 mg/kg, respectively) was ineffective to prevent absolute ethanol-induced or restraint plus water immersion stress-induced gastric ulcer in male Sprague-Dawley strain rats. In our experiment, administration of a high dose (20 mg/rat; approx.…”

“…Studies have shown that extracts of plants used in ayurvedic medicine (traditional medicine native to India) display a certain level of efficiency on gastric ulcer prevention in animals (Ajaikumar et al, 2005;Bhatnagar et al, 2005;Mishra et al, 2009). Moreover, extracts from vegetables, such as artichoke (Cynara Scolymus) leaf (Ishida et al, 2010), rocket or arugula (Eruca sativa) (Alqasoumi et al, 2009), Indian cluster bean 'Guar' (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) (Rafatullah et al, 1994), cabbage (Brassica oleracea) (Akhtar & Munir, 1989) and basil (Ocimum basilicum) (Akhtar & Munir, 1989), also have been reported to have certain effect on gastric ulcer prevention in rats. Studies on fruit extracts using experimental gastric ulcer in rodents, have revealed antiulcerative activity, for banana (Musa species) (Pannangpetch et al, 2001), pomegranate (Punica granatum) (Ajaikumar et al, 2005), dates (Phoenix dactylifera) (Al-Qarawi et al, 2005), cluster fig (Ficus glomerata) (Rao et al, 2008), prickly pear (Opuntia ficus indica) (Galati et al, 2003), Indian cherry (Cordia dichotoma) (Kuppast t al., 2009), dried papaya (Carica Papaya) (Rajkapoor et al, 2003) etc.…”