Effects of aspartame on diabetic rats and diabetic patients.

Shigeta, Hirofumi; Yoshida, Toshihide; Nakai, Masahiko; Mori, Hiroshi; Kano, Yasunobu; Nishioka, Hitoshi; Kajiyama, Shizuo; Kitagawa, Yoshihiro; Kanatsuna, Takahiro; Kondo, Motoharu; Otsuki, Kyoko

doi:10.3177/jnsv.31.533

Cited by 26 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 2 publications

(2 reference statements)

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“…Our data confirms previous findings that ASP treatment promotes hyperglycemia and weight gain in hypercholesterolemic zebrafish [2]. The timing of exposure to these food additives appears to be critical in determining the outcome, since it has previously been shown that acute administration of a high dose of ASP to adult diabetic rats had no effect on plasma glucose levels [40]. In our study, exposure commenced in utero via transfer of amino acids through the placenta, and continued during breast-feeding and through to adulthood via the drinking water consumed daily.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Interactive effects of neonatal exposure to monosodium glutamate and aspartame on glucose homeostasis

et al. 2012

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BackgroundRecent evidence suggests that the effects of certain food additives may be synergistic or additive. Aspartame (ASP) and Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) are ubiquitous food additives with a common moiety: both contain acidic amino acids which can act as neurotransmitters, interacting with NMDA receptors concentrated in areas of the Central Nervous System regulating energy expenditure and conservation. MSG has been shown to promote a neuroendocrine dysfunction when large quantities are administered to mammals during the neonatal period. ASP is a low-calorie dipeptide sweetener found in a wide variety of diet beverages and foods. However, recent reports suggest that ASP may promote weight gain and hyperglycemia in a zebrafish nutritional model.MethodsWe investigated the effects of ASP, MSG or a combination of both on glucose and insulin homeostasis, weight change and adiposity, in C57BL/6 J mice chronically exposed to these food additives commencing in-utero, compared to an additive-free diet. Pearson correlation analysis was used to investigate the associations between body characteristics and variables in glucose and insulin homeostasis.ResultsASP alone (50 mg/Kgbw/day) caused an increase in fasting blood glucose of 1.6-fold, together with reduced insulin sensitivity during an Insulin Tolerance Test (ITT) P < 0.05. Conversely MSG alone decreased blood triglyceride and total cholesterol (T-CHOL) levels. The combination of MSG (120 mg/Kgbw/day) and ASP elevated body weight, and caused a further increase in fasting blood glucose of 2.3-fold compared to Controls (prediabetic levels); together with evidence of insulin resistance during the ITT (P < 0.05). T-CHOL levels were reduced in both ASP-containing diets in both genders. Further analysis showed a strong correlation between body weight at 6 weeks, and body weight and fasting blood glucose levels at 17 weeks, suggesting that early body weight may be a predictor of glucose homeostasis in later life.ConclusionsAspartame exposure may promote hyperglycemia and insulin intolerance. MSG may interact with aspartame to further impair glucose homeostasis. This is the first study to ascertain the hyperglycemic effects of chronic exposure to a combination of these commonly consumed food additives; however these observations are limited to a C57BL/6 J mouse model. Caution should be applied in extrapolating these findings to other species.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Interactive effects of neonatal exposure to monosodium glutamate and aspartame on glucose homeostasis

et al. 2012

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“…Early studies in adults with diabetes did not show acute or chronic effects artificial sweeteners on blood glucose or insulin levels 47, 48 . However, this topic has recently been readdressed as a result of new evidence that artificial sweeteners may be biologically active in the gastrointestinal tract, via binding to sweet taste receptors located on enteroendocrine L-cells 49, 50 .…”

Section: Effects Artificial Sweeteners On Glycemia and Glucoregulatormentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial Sweetener Use Among Children: Epidemiology, Recommendations, Metabolic Outcomes, and Future Directions

Sylvetsky

Rother

Brown

2011

Pediatric Clinics of North America

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Synopsis This review summarizes the existing literature pertaining to the epidemiology and current recommendations for pediatric artificial sweetener use and presents the results of studies investigating metabolic responses to artificial sweeteners among children. Observational and interventional studies testing the effects of artificial sweeteners on body weight, short-term satiety, glycemia, and glucoregulatory hormones are described. In addition, this review touches on the growing body of literature about taste, craving, and addiction to sweet taste. Gaining an understanding of the research previously conducted and the gaps that remain will inform future clinical and translational research, in order to develop evidence-based recommendations for artificial sweetener use in the prevention and treatment of pediatric obesity.

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“…These studies evaluated the effects of aspartame 48-1800 mg in 169 patients with diabetes and 6 healthy subjects, with daily use for 3 days to 18 weeks. 10- 14 Okuno and colleagues 10 investigated the effects of aspartame 125 mg, consumed daily for 2 weeks, on blood glucose, insulin, and glucagon secretion compared with the same values from the week before and the week after the aspartame diet. Nine participants with diabetes received a "jellycake" with aspartame 125 mg daily for 2 weeks.…”

Section: Aspartamementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The patients in both the placebo and aspartame groups experienced similar adverse reactions, including constipation, itching, gastroenteritis, and diarrhea. 13 Shigeta et al 14 evaluated the effects on fasting plasma glucose of diets sweetened with aspartame 24-48 mg for ▲ Sugar substitutes are often used by patients as a means to avoid excess calories and carbohydrates. ▼…”

Section: Aspartamementioning

confidence: 99%

Do Sugar Substitutes Have Any Impact on Glycemic Control in Patients with Diabetes?

Behnen

Ferguson

Carlson

2013

Journal of Pharmacy Technology

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Objective: To evaluate the impact of nonnutritive sugar substitutes on glycemic control in patients with diabetes. Data Sources: A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted in PubMed (1966( -March 2012 and Scopus. A combination of MeSH terms and keywords were used, including acesulfame, aspartame, diabetes, neotame, rebiana, saccharin, stevia, and sucralose. Study Selection and Data Extraction: Clinical studies evaluating the impact of nonnutritive sweeteners on measures of diabetic control, including, but not limited to, blood glucose levels, postprandial blood glucose, and hemoglobin A 1c were selected for review. Searches were limited to only nonnutritive sweeteners available in the US. Data Synthesis: Nine clinical trials that evaluated nonnutritive sweeteners in a total of 490 patients with diabetes were found. Doses of sweeteners in the studies varied from below acceptable daily intake levels for 3 consecutive days to daily dosing for up to 18 weeks and up to 3.5 times the acceptable daily intake levels. No significant differences in overall effects on glycemic control and insulin response were found. Conclusions: Nonnutritive sweeteners do not appear to affect glycemic control in patients with diabetes. Patients should be counseled to maintain an appropriate energy balance in their diet, with or without the use of nonnutritive sweeteners.

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Effects of aspartame on diabetic rats and diabetic patients.

Cited by 26 publications

References 2 publications

Interactive effects of neonatal exposure to monosodium glutamate and aspartame on glucose homeostasis

Interactive effects of neonatal exposure to monosodium glutamate and aspartame on glucose homeostasis

Artificial Sweetener Use Among Children: Epidemiology, Recommendations, Metabolic Outcomes, and Future Directions

Do Sugar Substitutes Have Any Impact on Glycemic Control in Patients with Diabetes?

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