Effects of auditory selective attention on neural phase: individual differences and short-term training

Laffere, Aeron; Dick, Frederic; Tierney, Adam

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116717

Cited by 15 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…However, our results provide one of the first demonstrations that attention can be directed to different acoustic dimensions. Whereas previous studies of auditory selective attention have established neural correlates of auditory stream segregation (e.g., Ding et al, 2016; Elhilali et al, 2005; Kerlin et al, 2010; Laffere et al, 2020, 2021; Zion Golumbic et al, 2013), here we show reliable neural correlates of attention to acoustic dimensions within a single sound stream.…”

Section: Methodscontrasting

confidence: 78%

“…Moreover, studies using non-verbal stimuli have shown that attention strengthens neural entrainment to target relative to distractor tone sequences (Elhilali et al, 2005;Laffere et al, 2020Laffere et al, , 2021. Overall, these studies suggest that attention can modulate the extent to which the auditory system tracks variations in different sound streams.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Attention has been shown to enhance this cortical tracking for attended versus ignored speech streams (Ding et al, 2016; Kerlin et al, 2010; Reetzke et al, 2021; Zion Golumbic et al, 2013). Moreover, studies using non-verbal stimuli have shown that attention strengthens neural entrainment to target relative to distractor tone sequences (Elhilali et al, 2005; Laffere et al, 2020, 2021). Overall, these studies suggest that attention can modulate the extent to which the auditory system tracks variations in different sound streams.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous research has shown that relatively short-term training can improve speech perception in noise (Whitton et al, 2014(Whitton et al, , 2017 and enhance electrophysiological indices of auditory spatial attention (Isbell et al, 2017;Stevens et al, 2008Stevens et al, , 2008. Even two hours of training can boost behavioral and neural measures of auditory selective attention (Laffere et al, 2020). If training can improve object-based auditory attention, then it may be possible to train dimension-selective attention as well.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Dimension-Selective Attention and Dimensional Salience Modulate Cortical Tracking of Acoustic Dimensions

Symons

Dick

Tierney

2021

Preprint

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Some theories of auditory categorization suggest that auditory dimensions that are strongly diagnostic for particular categories - for instance voice onset time or fundamental frequency in the case of some spoken consonants - attract attention. However, prior cognitive neuroscience research on auditory selective attention has largely focused on attention to simple auditory objects or streams, and so little is known about the neural mechanisms that underpin dimension-selective attention, or how the relative salience of variations along these dimensions might modulate neural signatures of attention. Here we investigate whether dimensional salience and dimension-selective attention modulate cortical tracking of acoustic dimensions. In two experiments, participants listened to tone sequences varying in pitch and spectral peak frequency; these two dimensions changed at systematically different rates. Inter-trial phase coherence (ITPC) and EEG signal amplitude at the rates of pitch and spectral change allowed us to measure cortical tracking of these dimensions. In Experiment 1, tone sequences varied in the size of the pitch intervals, while the size of spectral peak intervals remained constant. Neural entrainment to pitch changes was greater for sequences with larger compared to smaller pitch intervals, with no difference in entrainment to the spectral dimension. In Experiment 2, participants selectively attended to either the pitch or spectral dimension. Neural entrainment was stronger in response to the attended compared to unattended dimension for both pitch and spectral dimensions. These findings demonstrate that bottom-up and top-down attentional mechanisms enhance the cortical tracking of different acoustic dimensions within a single sound stream.

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Section: Methodscontrasting

confidence: 78%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dimension-Selective Attention and Dimensional Salience Modulate Cortical Tracking of Acoustic Dimensions

Symons

Dick

Tierney

2021

Preprint

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“…The N1 response's peak magnitude is strongly modulated by top-down attention (8,(24)(25)(26), and the degree of this modulation correlates with performance on selective attention tasks (27). We hypothesized that N1 modulation would be reduced in ADHD subjects, reflecting reduced efficacy of attentional control.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Top-down attention modulates auditory-evoked neural responses in neurotypical, but not ADHD, young adults

Kwasa

Noyce

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Individuals differ in their ability to selectively attend to goal-relevant auditory stimuli. People with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in particular tend to show cognitive deficits associated with distractibility and inefficiencies in inhibition and attention. We hypothesized that people with ADHD would exhibit poorer performance and weaker neural signatures of attentional control when undertaking a challenging auditory task that required strong top-down attention. Neurotypical (N = 20) and ADHD (N = 25) young adults with normal hearing listened to one of three concurrent, spatially separated speech streams and reported the order of the syllables presented while we recorded electroencephalography (EEG). We tested both the ability to sustain attentional focus on a single "target" stream and the ability to monitor the target but flexibly switch attention to an unpredictable "interrupter" stream from another direction if and when it appeared. Although both stimulus structure and task demands affected behavioral performance, ADHD status did not. In both groups, the interrupter evoked larger neural responses when it was to be attended compared to when it was irrelevant, including for the P3a "reorienting" response previously described as involuntary. This attentional modulation was weaker in ADHD listeners, even though their behavioral performance was no lower. Across the entire cohort, individual performance correlated with the degree of top-down modulation of neural responses. These results demonstrate that listeners differ in their ability to modulate neural representations of sound based on task goals. Adults with ADHD have weaker volitional control of attentional processes than their neurotypical counterparts.

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The underestimation of speed perception while walking in virtual reality with bodyweight unloading

Gustafson,

Layne

2024

Virtual Reality

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As space agencies prepare for long-duration missions, such as establishing a permanent moon base, maintaining astronauts’ physical and mental health becomes crucial. Exercise is known to counteract the adverse effects of space travel, and virtual reality (VR) has the potential to enhance the psychological well-being of crew members. This study aimed to investigate the impact of bodyweight unloading on speed perception during treadmill walking in a VR environment. Eighteen participants walked on an AlterG treadmill while wearing a VR headset that displayed a moving virtual outdoor environment. The treadmill simulated different bodyweight conditions (100%, 60%, and 20%) to represent Earth’s gravity, intermediate, and lunar gravity, respectively. A staircase method was used to determine participants’ estimated threshold speed for perceiving visual speed equivalence. The results revealed that in all conditions, participants consistently underestimated their walking speed compared to the visual scene speed. No significant differences were found in estimated threshold speeds between the unloading conditions. Individual responses varied, possibly due to biomechanical differences and personal preferences. Participants reported no motion sickness symptoms, likely attributed to the short duration of speed mismatches and the use of high-resolution and high-refresh-rate VR equipment. This study provides insights into the combination of VR and treadmill walking, suggesting the importance of individual customization to enhance user experience and prevent motion sickness.

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Effects of auditory selective attention on neural phase: individual differences and short-term training

Cited by 15 publications

References 78 publications

Dimension-Selective Attention and Dimensional Salience Modulate Cortical Tracking of Acoustic Dimensions

Dimension-Selective Attention and Dimensional Salience Modulate Cortical Tracking of Acoustic Dimensions

Top-down attention modulates auditory-evoked neural responses in neurotypical, but not ADHD, young adults

The underestimation of speed perception while walking in virtual reality with bodyweight unloading

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