“…Microstructure evolution during RARR was also tried by FE modelling methods (Yeom et al, 2010;Schwich et al, 2014;Zhu et al, 2014a). Through FE simulation, the deformation behaviour, forming laws and process parameters' effects during RARR were revealed visually (Qian et al, 2013c;Xu et al, 2013;Zhu et al, 2014b;Zhou et al, 2010aZhou et al, , 2011aZhou et al, , 2011bZhou et al, , 2012. Furthermore, to reveal the genetic effects of blank forging to ring rolling, macro-microscopic deformation laws during blank forging and ring rolling process were explored (Qian and Pan, 2013).…”