Effects of azadirachtin on the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae)

Martínez-Villar, Elena; Sáenz-de-cabezón, F. J.; Moreno-Grijalba, Fernando; Marco, V.; Pérez-Moreno, Ignacio

doi:10.1007/s10493-004-5082-6

Cited by 57 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…For neem based products, this approach is especially important due to their special mode of action and delayed effects on arthropods (Scmutterer 1990). Besides direct mortality (Momen et al 1997, Castiglioni et al 2002, neem causes reduction in fertility (Dimetry et al 1993), longevity and fecundity of mites (Martínez-Villar et al 2005). Thus, subletal effects should be considered when selecting neem concentrations for mite control.…”

Section: July -August 2010mentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative control of Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard (Acari: Tetranychidae) on tomato plants grown in greenhouses

Soto¹,

Venzon²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2010

Neotrop. entomol.

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-Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard is an important pest of solanaceous plants, including tomatoes. This mite is characterized by a high reproductive rate, which leads to high population growth in a short period of time causing important economic damage. Control of T. evansi is mainly through synthetic acaricides. In searching for environmentally friendly control measures, we evaluated the effi ciency of alternative products to control T. evansi on tomato plants under greenhouse conditions. The products tested were lime sulphur and neem based products. We fi rst estimated the lethal concentration (LC) and instantaneous rate of increase (r i ) of T. evansi exposed to different product concentrations in laboratory conditions, and later tested the effi cacy of LC 95 and the concentrations that restrained mite population growth (r i = 0) in greenhouse conditions. The following treatments were repeated three times: NeemPro (81.0 and 71.6 mg a.i./l), Natuneem (31.1 and 20.4 mg ai/l), Organic Neem (39.1 and 30.4 mg a.i./l), lime sulphur (1.0 and 0.6%) and water (control). For all products, control provided by LC 95 was higher than provided for lower concentrations (r i = 0) one day after spraying. However, after fi ve days, for both concentrations, the percentage of T. evansi population reduction was superior to 95% and increased over time. Only plants sprayed with Natuneem (31.1 mg a.i./l) showed symptoms of phytotoxicity. Lime sulphur and neem based products, applied in appropriate concentrations and formulations, bear out as a viable alternative to control T. evansi on tomato plants.KEY WORDS: Acari, Azadirachta indica, lime sulphur, effi ciency, phytotoxicityThe tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard, is an important pest of solanaceous plants, especially tomatoes (Flechtmann 1983, Bonato 1999, Ferragut & Escudero 2002. This mite is characterized by a high reproductive capacity, which leads to high population levels in a short time, causing important economic damage (Moraes & McMurtry 1986). Additionally, the mite produces large quantities of webs on the infested plants, hampering the action of natural enemies (Gerson 1985, Sabelis & Bakker 1992. The control of T. evansi in tomato is done mainly with application of synthetic pesticides. Despite its relative effi ciency, chemical control has several negative impacts as the selection of resistant individuals due to the continuous use of certain active ingredients, the reduction or elimination of benefi cial species, the high toxicity of products to applicators, and the presence of residues in food (Picanço et al 2007, Maniania et al 2008.A viable alternative to the problems arising from excessive use of synthetic pesticides in tomato production is the use of methods that provide control with social and environmental safety. In the search for such methods, natural enemies are being evaluated as biological control agents of T. evansi (Wekesa et al 2005, Furtado et al 2007, Brito et al 2009. Another strategy that has been used where con...

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Section: July -August 2010mentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative control of Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard (Acari: Tetranychidae) on tomato plants grown in greenhouses

Soto¹,

Venzon²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2010

Neotrop. entomol.

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“…Dentre as plantas como fontes de inseticidas naturais, o nim (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) tem se destacado pela sua eficiência por afetar negativamente a biologia e o comportamento de pragas, apresentar baixa toxicidade para vertebrados, além da seletividade a diversos inimigos naturais (CASTAGNOLI et al, 2002;MOURÃO et al, 2004;MARTINEZ-VILLAR et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Toxicidade de espiromesifeno e acaricidas naturais para Tetranychus urticae koch e compatibilidade com Phytoseiulus macropilis (Banks)

et al. 2013

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Toxicidade de espiromesifeno e acaricidas naturais para Tetranychus urticae koch e compatibilidade com Phytoseiulus macropilis (Banks)Toxicity of spiromesifen and natural acaricides to Tetranychus urticae koch and compatibility with Phytoseiulus macropilis (Banks) Alberto Belo Esteves ResumoO ácaro rajado, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) é uma importante praga do algodoeiro por ocasionar perdas na produção e na qualidade da fibra. Assim, este trabalho se propôs a avaliar a toxicidade do acaricida sintético espiromesifeno e produtos naturais para T. urticae e a compatibilidade com o seu predador Phytoseiulus macropilis (Banks) (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Espiromesifeno e os naturais Azadiractina A/B, Azadiractina 1%, Jatropha curcas L. e Ricinus communis L. foram utilizados em diferentes concentrações; usou-se a técnica de imersão de discos de folha de algodão nas caldas dos produtos. As mortalidades de fêmeas e ovos de T. urticae foram avaliadas após 48 e 96 h da aplicação, respectivamente, visando à obtenção das concentrações letais. Estudou-se o efeito sobre P. macropilis, com base nas CL 50s obtidas para T. urticae. Todos os acaricidas testados foram eficientes no controle de fêmeas e ovos de T. urticae. Entretanto, de acordo com as CL 50s e CL 90s , espiromesifeno foi o mais tóxico para fêmeas e o óleo de J. curcas apresentou a maior toxicidade para ovos. Espiromesifeno, J. curcas e Azadiractina 1% causaram efeito adverso para P. macropilis. No entanto, espiromesifeno foi o único classificado como nocivo para o predador, enquanto Azadiractina A/B e R. communis foram levemente nocivos. R. communis e Azadiractina A/B foram eficientes no controle do ácaro rajado e promissores para o manejo desta praga no agroecossistema algodoeiro, considerando sua baixa toxicidade para o predador. Palavras-chave: Acari, algodão, controle químico, controle alternativo, controle biológico AbstractThe two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), is one important pest of cotton crop due to reductions in cotton yield and fiber quality. Thus, this work evaluated the toxicity of the synthetic acaricide spiromesifen and natural products on T. urticae and the compatibility with the predatory mite Phytoseiulus macropilis (Banks) (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Spiromesifen and the natural products Azadirachtin A/B, Azadirachtin 1%, Jatropha curcas L. and Ricinus communis L. oils were used at different concentrations; the leaf dipping method was employed. The mortality of T. urticae females and eggs was evaluated 48 and 96 h after treatment to calculate the lethal concentrations. The effect on P. macropilis was studied using the LC 50s obtained to T. urticae. All acaricides tested were effective in controlling females and eggs of T. urticae. However, according to the LC 50s and LC 90s calculated, spiromesifen was the most toxic acaricide to females and J. curcas oil presented the higher toxicity to eggs. Spiromesifen, J. curcas oil and Azadiractina 1% caused side effects on P. macropilis. However, only espi...

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“…M.: Mortality C.: Concentrations. Also, it was observed that the extracts showed reduced fecundity on the female of T. urticae [31,32]. Pure azadiractin reduced the number of eggs laid by T. urticae [33].…”

Section: Effect On Egg Laying Capacitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Acaricidal Activity of Extracts of Juglans regia L. on Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae)

Erdoğan¹,

Yılmaz²

2017

JFSE

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Two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) (Acari: Tetranychidae) is a very serious pest worldwide, causing considerable damage to vegetables, flowers and fruit crops. The application of plant extracts to control insects can be an effective alternative. In this study, the efficacy of an extract from Juglans regia L. (Juglandecaea) was tested as an alternative to conventional acaricides. Using two different methods, bioassays were used to determine the effects of varying concentrations J. regia (1%, 3%, 6%, 12%) of the extracts. Experiments were carried out using 3 cm diameter leaf disks of Phaseolus vulgaris L. In addition, the effects of the extract on mite reproduction and oviposition were investigated. As a result, in the leaf dipping method, the 12% concentration of the extract caused the highest mortality of nymph (90%) and adult (83.00%) stages. For the spraying method, the mortality of adults at the same concentration was 100%. In bioassays at lower concentrations, the adult mites laid lower numbers of eggs in comparison to the untreated mites. The highest effect occurred at concentration of 12% and the lowest effect was at 1%. The extract was no observed ovicidal effect.

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Effects of azadirachtin on the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae)

Cited by 57 publications

References 22 publications

Alternative control of Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard (Acari: Tetranychidae) on tomato plants grown in greenhouses

Alternative control of Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard (Acari: Tetranychidae) on tomato plants grown in greenhouses

Toxicidade de espiromesifeno e acaricidas naturais para Tetranychus urticae koch e compatibilidade com Phytoseiulus macropilis (Banks)

Acaricidal Activity of Extracts of Juglans regia L. on Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae)

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