Effects of bacterial exopolymer adhesion on the entrainment of sand

Dade, W. Brian; Davis, John D.; Nichols, Peter D.; Nowell, Arthur R. M.; Thistle, David; Trexler, Melanie B.; White, David C.

doi:10.1080/01490459009377874

Cited by 177 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…We find a mean biostabilisation index due to natural biofilm colonisation of almost 4 times that of the uncolonised sand. Such a biostabilisation index is within the reported range for fine sand (Dade et al, 1990;Vignaga et al, 2013). More specifically, 42 % of the tested samples did not show biostabilisation compared to uncolonised sand while 10 % of the measurements showed a 10-fold biostabilisation relative to uncolonised sand (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

“…Many studies have attempted to quantify biostabilisation in a variety of environments (Paterson, 1989;Dade et al, 1990;Amos et al, 1998;Tolhurst et al, 1999Tolhurst et al, , 2003Friend et al, 2003a;Droppo et al, 2007;Righetti and Lucarelli, 2007;Vignaga et al, 2012;Graba et al, 2013;Thom et al, 2015). These studies generally show a positive correlation between EPS content and sediment stability measured as the threshold for erosion, although variations in space and time (Friend et al, 2003b;Thom et al, 2015) and between cohesive and noncohesive sandy environments are large.…”

Section: W I Van De Lageweg Et Al: Quantifying Biostabilisation Efmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are, however, also examples of buoyant biofilms, which reduce the threshold for erosion of sediments Tolhurst et al, 2008). Biostabilisation of coarse sand and gravel may increase the threshold for erosion by up to almost 3 times compared to abiotic sediment (Vignaga et al, 2012) while a 10-fold increase in the threshold for erosion compared to abiotic sediment has been reported for fine sands and cohesive sediments (Paterson, 1997;Dade et al, 1990). EPSs are known to add biostability in two ways: (1) by physically binding both cohesive and non-cohesive sediment grains together (see Tolhurst et al, 2002) for low-temperature scanning electron microscopy images of biofilm-secreted EPS strands binding sediment particles together and (2) by molecular electrochemical interaction with cohesive clay particles (Chenu and Guérif, 1991).…”

Section: W I Van De Lageweg Et Al: Quantifying Biostabilisation Efmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantifying biostabilisation effects of biofilm-secreted and extracted extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) on sandy substrate

2018

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Abstract. Microbial assemblages ("biofilms") preferentially develop at water-sediment interfaces and are known to have a considerable influence on sediment stability and erodibility. There is potential for significant impacts on sediment transport and morphodynamics, and hence on the longer-term evolution of coastal and fluvial environments. However, the biostabilisation effects remain poorly understood and quantified due to the inherent complexity of biofilms and the large spatial and temporal (i.e. seasonality) variations involved. Here, we use controlled laboratory tests to systematically quantify the effects of natural biofilm colonisation as well as extracted extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) on sediment stability. Extracted EPSs may be useful to simulate biofilm-mediated biostabilisation and potentially provide a method of speeding up timescales of physical modelling experiments investigating biostabilisation effects. We find a mean biostabilisation effect due to natural biofilm colonisation and development of almost 4 times that of the uncolonised sand. The presented cumulative probability distribution of measured critical threshold for erosion of colonised sand reflects the large spatial and temporal variations generally seen in natural biostabilised environments. For identical sand, engineered sediment stability from the addition of extracted EPSs compares well across the measured range of the critical threshold for erosion and behaves in a linear and predictable fashion. Yet, the effectiveness of extracted EPSs to stabilise sediment is sensitive to the preparation procedure, time after application and environmental conditions such as salinity, pH and temperature. These findings are expected to improve biophysical experimental models in fluvial and coastal environments and provide much-needed quantification of biostabilisation to improve predictions of sediment dynamics in aquatic ecosystems.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

Section: W I Van De Lageweg Et Al: Quantifying Biostabilisation Efmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: W I Van De Lageweg Et Al: Quantifying Biostabilisation Efmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantifying biostabilisation effects of biofilm-secreted and extracted extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) on sandy substrate

2018

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“…It has been shown that microbial EPS contributes to grain-grain adhesion in fine sediments (Dade et al, 1990;Tolhurst et al, 1999;Yallop et al, 1994;Paterson, 1995;Taylor et al, 1999). De Brouwer et al (2002) found no increase in sediment stability in the presence of extracted EPS, while Dade et al (1990) saw an increase in sediment stability in the presence of extracted bacterial EPS, indicating that even in eroded material, residual EPS could cause graingrain adhesion. Additionally, studies that examined well developed biofilms reported an increase in erosion threshold and sediment stability (De Brouwer et al, 2000;Tolhurst et al, 2008;Paterson et al, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A biofilm of microphytobenthos (MPBs), as used in this study, is a mixed community of microorganisms and their secretions, called extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) that surround sediment particles (Decho, 2000). It has been shown that microbial EPS contributes to grain-grain adhesion in fine sediments (Dade et al, 1990;Tolhurst et al, 1999;Yallop et al, 1994;Paterson, 1995;Taylor et al, 1999). De Brouwer et al (2002) found no increase in sediment stability in the presence of extracted EPS, while Dade et al (1990) saw an increase in sediment stability in the presence of extracted bacterial EPS, indicating that even in eroded material, residual EPS could cause graingrain adhesion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repeated erosion of cohesive sediments with biofilms

2014

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Abstract. This study aims to explore the interplay between biofilms and erodability of cohesive sediments. Erosion experiments were run in four laboratory annular flumes with natural sediments. After each erosion the sediment was allowed to settle, mimicking intermittent physical processes like tidal currents and waves. The time between consecutive erosion events ranged from 1 to 12 days. Turbidity of the water column caused by sediment resuspension was used to determine the erodability of the sediments with respect to small and moderate shear stresses. Erodability was also compared on the basis of the presence of benthic biofilms, which were quantified using a Pulse-Amplitude Modulation (PAM) Underwater Fluorometer. We found that frequent erosion lead to the establishment of a weak biofilm, which reduced sediment erosion at small shear stresses (around 0.1 Pa). If prolonged periods without erosion were present, the biofilm fully established, resulting in lower erosion at moderate shear stresses (around 0.4 Pa). We conclude that an unstructured extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) matrix always affect sediment erodability at low shear stresses, while only a fully developed biofilm mat can reduce sediment erodability at moderate shear stresses.

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Archaea: Detection Methods

Nichols

2003

Encyclopedia of Environmental Microbiology

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Effects of bacterial exopolymer adhesion on the entrainment of sand

Cited by 177 publications

References 25 publications

Quantifying biostabilisation effects of biofilm-secreted and extracted extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) on sandy substrate

Quantifying biostabilisation effects of biofilm-secreted and extracted extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) on sandy substrate

Repeated erosion of cohesive sediments with biofilms

Archaea: Detection Methods

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