Effects of biochar and peat on salt-affected soil extract solution and wheat seedling germination in the Yellow River Delta

Abstract

Salt-affected soils are widely distributed in arable croplands, so it is important to reclaim these soils. In this study, the effects of different biochar/peat doses (1, 3, and 5%) on 1:5 salt-affected soil: water extract solutions with different soil salinity levels after seven days shaking; and on winter wheat seedling growth after 80 hours are discussed. Results showed that the SAR and Cl-/SO 4 2ratio varied because of the changes of ion composition in the soil extract solution caused by the addition of biochar and peat. The maximum length of root and sprout of wheat grown in S1 (very slightly saline) soil extract treated by biochar/peat were 8.0/7.14 and 4.86/4.50 cm, respectively. The average length of wheat root and sprout grown in S2 (moderately saline) soil extract treated by peat was higher than that in soil treated by biochar. The results indicated that biochar and peat modified the ion composition of salt-affected soil extract solutions, as well as that of wheat. The abundant beneficial ions K þ or Ca 2þ in biochar/peat might be beneficial to reclaim the salt-affected soil, and the exogenous ions altered the composition of the soil solution to promote the seedling growth or enhance the resistance of plants to the salt stress. Moreover, cation exchange took place among soil, biochar/peat, and soil solution. The proportion of harmful Na þ declined (SAR decreased) in the soil solution, which could be beneficial for the reclamation of the salt-affected soils.

Crab-Aquatic Plant System: A Model for Taking Ecological and Economical Care of the Lakes in Yellow River Delta, China

“…The root system of aquatic plants can also accumulate or produce a large number of nitrifying microorganisms to enhance the ability of water to degrade pollutants [49]. It was found that the amount and species of nitrifying bacteria in the pond environment with large plants were significantly higher than that out of plants [50]. In general, the content of nitrous nitrogen in crab breeding is less than 0.05 mg/L, indicating that aquatic plants inhibit the production of unstable N elements.…”

Putting Biochar in Action: A Black Gold for Efficient Mitigation of Salinity Stress in Plants. Review and Future Directions

“…In pyrolysis, phytotoxic and carcinogenic compounds are released and heavy metals are transferred into less toxic forms; however, this depends on the feedstock type and pyrolysis conditions . The presence of PFR in BC induced negative impacts on plants, animals, and microbes by destabilizing membranes and causing oxidative damage. , Likewise, the presence of alkaline components in BC can increase pH and EC, which have negative impacts on plant growth. , . Further, nutrients from BC can also lost during pyrolysis, and the use of BC can also lead to an increase in greenhouse gas emissions.…”

“… 197 , 198 Likewise, the presence of alkaline components in BC can increase pH and EC, which have negative impacts on plant growth. 199 , 200 . 201 Further, nutrients from BC can also lost during pyrolysis, 202 and the use of BC can also lead to an increase in greenhouse gas emissions.…”

Analysis of limiting factors for food agriculture development in peatland areas

“…Meanwhile, water drawdown could be tolerated up to 60 cm. The study of Wang et al [46] showed that optimal yield of oil palm can be obtained at 40 to 60 cm of water depth. This condition is suitable to maintain surface moisture for preventing land fire.…”