Effects of bisphenol A on ammonium assimilation in soybean roots

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

et al. 2014

Self Cite

Bisphenol A (BPA) and cadmium (Cd) pollution exist simultaneously in many regions. However, little information is available regarding the combined effects of BPA and Cd pollution on plants. Plant roots are in direct contact with the soil, which is an important compartment of BPA and Cd. In the present study, the effects of combined BPA and Cd pollution on soybean seedling roots were evaluated in pot experiments. Combined treatment with BPA and Cd at low concentrations (1.5 mg/kg BPA and 0.2 mg/kg Cd) improved soybean seedling root growth. However, other combined BPA and Cd treatments, including combined treatment with BPA (Cd) at the low concentration and Cd (BPA) at the high concentration as well as combined treatment with BPA and Cd at the high concentration, inhibited soybean seedling root growth. The improvement or inhibition of soybean seedling root growth was greater in the combined BPA and Cd treatments than in single treatments. The effects of the combined BPA and Cd treatments on root growth resulted from changes in nitrate assimilation. In addition, the combined effects of BPA and Cd on the nitrate and ammonium contents in roots are discussed. The present research provides a basic understanding of the combined effects of BPA and Cd pollution on plant roots.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Combined effects of bisphenol A and cadmium on growth and nitrate assimilation of soybean seedling roots

Sun

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

et al. 2014

Self Cite

“…3). In this combined treatment, because of the decrease in the GS/GOGAT cycle and the increase in protein hydrolysis [75,76], there was still excessive accumulation of ammonium ion in roots, which caused damage despite the consumption of some of the ammonium through the GDH pathway [75,76]. After 5 days of recovery, the ammonia assimilation in the roots recovered to a certain extent (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…4). The increase in the amino acid content might be related to the promotion of the GDH pathway (Table 1) and the hydrolysis of soluble proteins [75,76]. The additional amino acids might be used to alleviate the toxic effects induced by the excess accumulation of ammonium [47,83].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Effects of Lanthanum(III) and Elevated Ultraviolet-B Radiation on Root Nitrogen Nutrient in Soybean Seedlings

Huang

Sun

et al. 2014

Biol Trace Elem Res

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Rare earth element pollution and elevated ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation occur simultaneously in some regions, but the combined effects of these two factors on plants have not attracted enough attention. Nitrogen nutrient is vital to plant growth. In this study, the combined effects of lanthanum(III) and elevated UV-B radiation on nitrate reduction and ammonia assimilation in soybean (Glycine max L.) roots were investigated. Treatment with 0.08 mmol L(-1) La(III) did not change the effects of elevated UV-B radiation on nitrate reductase (NR), nitrite reductase (NiR), glutamine synthetase (GS), glutamate synthase (GOGAT), glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), nitrate, ammonium, amino acids, or soluble protein in the roots. Treatment with 0.24 mmol L(-1) La(III) and elevated UV-B radiation synergistically decreased the NR, NiR, GS, and GOGAT activities as well as the nitrate, amino acid, and soluble protein levels, except for the GDH activity and ammonium content. Combined treatment with 1.20 mmol L(-1) La(III) and elevated UV-B radiation produced severely deleterious effects on all test indices, and these effects were stronger than those induced by La(III) or elevated UV-B radiation treatment alone. Following the withdrawal of La(III) and elevated UV-B radiation, all test indices for the combined treatments with 0.08/0.24 mmol L(-1) La(III) and elevated UV-B radiation recovered to a certain extent, but they could not recover for treatments with 1.20 mmol L(-1) La(III) and elevated UV-B radiation. In summary, combined treatment with La(III) and elevated UV-B radiation seriously affected nitrogen nutrition in soybean roots through the inhibition of nitrate reduction and ammonia assimilation.

“…Therefore, it is necessary to study the effects of BPA on plant roots. We previously reported the effects of BPA on nitrogen metabolism in soybean seedling roots [17,18]. In addition to nitrogen, other mineral elements (P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, and Mo) are also necessary for plant growth and development.…”

Section: Accepted Preprintmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…), durum wheat and lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) seedlings, moreover, root symptoms, including browning and the formation of jelly-like films, were also observed [12]. Some studies have demonstrated that treatment with 1.5 mg L -1 BPA promotes nitrogen assimilation in soybean (Glycine max L.) seedling roots [17,18] and…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of bisphenol A on mineral nutrition in soybean seedling roots

Nie

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

et al. 2014

Self Cite

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a ubiquitous chemical in the environment and potentially harmful to plants. However, relevant studies of the effects of BPA on plants are relatively scarce. In the present work, the effects of BPA on the biomass (fresh wt and dry wt), absorptive function (activity and absorptive area), and mineral element levels in soybean (Glycine max L.) seedling roots treated with 1.5 mg L(-1) , 3.0 mg L(-1) , 6.0 mg L(-1) , 12.0 mg L(-1) , 24.0 mg L(-1) , 48.0 mg L(-1) , and 96.0 mg L(-1) BPA were investigated. Treatment with 1.5 mg L(-1) BPA increased the levels of nitrate and other mineral elements (P, K, Mg, Mn, Zn, and Mo) in the roots, whereas treatments with BPA at higher concentrations decreased the levels of these elements in the roots. All treatments with BPA caused increases in the levels of ammonium, Ca, Fe, and Cu in the roots. Moreover, treatment with 1.5 mg L(-1) BPA increased the fresh weight, dry weight, activity, and absorptive area of the roots, whereas treatments with BPA at higher concentrations decreased these indices in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, correlation analysis data showed that BPA affected the levels of mineral elements and absorptive function of soybean seedling roots, which may be the physiological basis of BPA action on plants.