Effects of Caffeine Intake on Cardiopulmonary Variables and QT Interval after a Moderate-Intensity Aerobic Exercise in Healthy Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract

Caffeine is considered a widely consumed natural and legal psychoactive stimulant with several effects on the body. The present study attempted to investigate the effects of caffeine consumed before and after a physical exercise on cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory functions in healthy adults. 36 healthy adult males were recruited and randomly allocated to one of the three (3) groups: group I (exercise without caffeine consumption), group II (caffeine beverage intake before exercise), and group III (caffeine beverage intake immediately after exercise). The heart rate (HR), QTc interval, blood pressure (BP), respiratory rate (RR), oxygen consumption (VO₂), and carbon dioxide emission (VCO₂) were measured at 0, 5, 10, and 15 min after the exercise. We observed a significant difference in all measured outcomes during the different recovery times in all the groups ( p < 0.05 ). HR, RR, SBP, VO2, and VCO2 gradually decreased with time, DBP contrarily increased with time, and the QTc showed an irregular pattern. We can affirm that ingestion of caffeine before and after moderate aerobic exercise slows down the parasympathetic stimulation, heart rate recovery, and the recovery of HR and QTc with no major effects on BP, RR, VO₂, and VCO₂ in healthy adult men.

Effects of caffeinated beverage ingestion on salivary antimicrobial proteins responses to acute exercise in the heat

“…Stadheim et al ( 65 ) found that caffeine enhances the activity of the sympathetic nervous system, causing an increase in HR. In contrast, other studies have shown that oral caffeine can lower HR during exercise ( 66 , 67 ). Other studies have also shown that caffeine did not affect HR when the participants exercised at 33 ° C or 37 ° C ( 68 , 69 ), which was consistent with our findings.…”

Revisão sistemática do efeito ergométrico da cafeína

“…(Ruíz-Moreno et al, 2020) Ainda, podemos afirmar que a ingestão de cafeína antes e após exercício aeróbico moderado retarda a estimulação parassimpática, a recuperação da frequência cardíaca e a recuperação da FC e QTc sem maiores efeitos na PA, FR, VO₂ e VCO₂ em homens adultos saudáveis. (Yu et al, 2022) O estudo com atletas do município de Macaé, demonstrou que usuários classificados como consumidores baixos níveis de cafeína conseguiram atingir a faixa ergogênica expressivas por meio do consumo de fontes alimentares, sem o uso de suplementos. Revelando que pequenas doses já são perceptíveis na melhora dos níveis de desempenho durante a prática de esportes.…”

Retracted: Effects of Caffeine Intake on Cardiopulmonary Variables and QT Interval after a Moderate‐Intensity Aerobic Exercise in Healthy Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

“…This article has been retracted by Hindawi, as publisher, following an investigation undertaken by the publisher [1]. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication and peer-review process.…”