Effects of calcium soaps of long-chain fatty acids on feedlot performance, carcass characteristics and ruminal metabolism of steers.

Abstract

Two trials were conducted to determine the effects of calcium soaps of long-chain fatty acids (calcium soap) on feedlot performance, diet digestibility, carcass characteristics and ruminal metabolism of steers fed diets (85% concentrate:15% corn silage) containing 0, 2, 4 or 6% calcium soap. In Trial 1, increasing calcium soap decreased (P less than .05) DM, CP and gross energy intake but increased total fatty acid intake. Feed to gain ratio tended to improve with increased calcium soap; gross energy conversion was not affected (P greater than .05) by diet. Average daily gain and hot carcass weight decreased (P less than .05) with addition of calcium soap; other carcass characteristics were not affected (P greater than .05). Apparent digestibilities of DM, N, energy and ash were not affected (P greater than .05) by calcium soap. Neutral detergent fiber digestibility increased linearly (P less than .08) with increasing calcium soap, whereas digestibility of total fatty acids was affected quadratically (P less than .05); fatty acid digestibility was similar among 0, 2 and 4% calcium soap diets but decreased for the 6% calcium soap diet. In Trial 2, increased calcium soap did not affect (P greater than .05) ruminal VFA concentrations, pH or in sacco NDF disappearance of orchardgrass following 12, 24 and 48 h of incubation. Calcium soap increased (P less than .07) ruminal concentrations of calcium soap fatty acids at 1, 2, 4 and 8 h postfeeding. Calcium soap did not improve performance of feedlot cattle fed high-concentrate diets. Further, calcium soap did not affect ruminal fermentation and did not dissociate significantly even when ruminal pH was below 6 for extended periods of time.

Effects of Ruminally Protected Amino Acid-enriched Fatty Acids on Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Fattening Hanwoo Cows

“…The present results were supported by previous studies, such as those of Ngidi et al (1990) who reported that ADG, DMI and feed conversion ratio of Angus-Hereford crossbred steers fed high concentrate diets were not affected by supplementing with 2% Ca salts of fatty acids and Gilbert et al (2003) who found no differences in ADG, DMI and feed conversion ratio of Brangus steers by supplementing with protected canola lipid. Strasia et al (1986) detected no response in growth performance when growing steers were supplemented with as much as 20 g/d of ruminally protected methionine.…”

Effects of processing and fat content of coarse canola screenings on voluntary intake and total tract nutrient digestibility of beef steers

“…Total tract digestibility of NDF improved linearly (P < 0.05) as dietary fat level increased. Ngidi et al (1990) reported similar observations for NDFD as a result of increased fat in the diet. These authors concluded that the response might have been due to reduced For personal use only.…”

“…Reduced fat digestion has also been observed by other researchers (Jenkins and Palmquist 1984;Moore et al 1986;Ngidi et al 1990) when fat levels were increased in the diet. Brandt (1995) reviewed research involving different sources and levels of dietary fat and concluded that intake of digestible dietary lipid may be limited to 450 to 500 g d -1 in ruminants.…”

Desempenho e características de carcaça de novilhos alimentados com dietas contendo diferentes fontes de lipídios

“…No entanto, trabalhos com diferentes fontes de gordura indicaram que a conversão e a eficiência alimentar são melhoradas quando a dieta contém níveis elevados de lipídios. Avaliando a conversão alimentar de dietas com ausência ou com inclusão de 2, 4 ou 6% de gordura protegida na dieta, Ngidi et al (1990) observaram tendência de melhora para os níveis mais elevados. A conversão e a eficiência alimentar com o uso de caroço de algodão não diferiram do tratamento controle, de forma semelhante aos resultados encontrados por Moletta (1999), que utilizou silagem de milho e concentrado com 20% de grão de soja ou caroço de algodão.…”

“…As medidas da área de olho de lombo e de gordura subcutânea não apresentaram valores significativamente diferentes entre os tratamentos, quando medidas diretamente na carcaça ou em relação a 100 kg de carcaça. Isto também foi constatado por Ngidi et al (1990), que observaram que o uso de sais de cálcio de ácidos graxos nos níveis de 0 até 6% da matéria seca, para engorda de novilhos, não influenciou a espessura de gordura da carcaça ou a área de olho de lombo. Resultado semelhante foi observado por Zinn et al (2000), que alimentaram novilhos holandeses com dietas de sais de cálcio de ácidos graxos e gordura animal, até o nível de 6% e concluíram que estas dietas não tiveram efeito sobre a área de olho de lombo ou sobre a gordura subcutânea.…”