Effects of Cannabidiol on the In Vitro Lymphocyte Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Production of Senior Horses

Turner, Shelley; Barker, Virginia D.; Adams, Amanda A.

doi:10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103668

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Blood samples were collected via aseptic jugular venipuncture into EDTA-prepared tubes (Covetrus). Collection time points for both treatments were immediately before administration of CBC (time 0) and then 0.5, 1,4,8,24,48,72,96,120,144,168,192,216,240, and 264 hours after CBD administration. All blood samples were placed on ice immediately and within an hour of collection and centrifuged at 800 X g for 10 minutes, and then plasma was aliquoted into 1.5-mL plastic microcentrifuge tubes and stored at -20 °C until analyzed.…”

Section: Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…24 In that study, peripheral blood mononuclear cells collected from senior horses were incubated in vitro with various concentrations of pure CBD. We showed that at increasing concentrations of CBD there were reduced concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines TNFα and interferon-γ (IFNγ), and results indicated that CBD has the potential to modulate inflammation in horses 24 ; however, in vivo studies are warranted. Moreover, before efficacy studies are conducted in senior horses, pharmacokinetic studies should be undertaken.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Pharmacokinetics of cannabidiol in a randomized crossover trial in senior horses

Turner

Knych

Adams

2022

ajvr

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OBJECTIVE To determine the pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, and pharmacological effects of cannabidiol (CBD) in senior horses. ANIMALS 8 university-owned senior horses. PROCEDURES In this randomized, crossover study, horses were assigned to receive either a single oral dose of 2 mg/kg CBD in oil or a single IV dose of 0.1 mg/kg CBD in DMSO between August 10 and September 4, 2020. Blood samples were collected before and then 0.5, 1, 4, 8, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144, 168, 192, 216, 240, and 264 hours after CBD administration. Serum biochemical analyses and CBCs were performed. Plasma concentrations of CBD and its metabolites were determined with the use of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS Concentrations of CBD and metabolites (7-COH CBD and 7-COOH CBD) were detected in all plasma samples up to 8 hours after dosing (oral and IV), with 7-COOH CBD being the most predominant metabolite. Pharmacokinetic results for CBD oral dosing at 2 mg/kg were mean ± SD half-life of 7.22 ± 2.86 hours, maximum concentration of 18.54 ± 9.80 ng/mL, and time to maximum concentration of 2.46 ± 1.62 hours. For both oral and IV administrations, 7-COOH CBD did not fall below the limit of quantification for the times reported. Oral bioavailability for CBD was 7.92%. There was no meaningful effect of CBD on results for CBC, serum biochemical analyses, or vital signs for any horse. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of CBD in senior horses were determined, and there were no adverse effects of administering either the oral or IV dose of CBD evaluated.

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Section: Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pharmacokinetics of cannabidiol in a randomized crossover trial in senior horses

Turner

Knych

Adams

2022

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“…Produkcja cytokin zapalnych in vitro u koni starszych zmniejszyła się przy stężeniu CBD 4 µg/mL. Świadczy to o przeciwzapalnym działaniu kannabidiolu i daje podstawy do przeprowadzania dalszych badań poprzez suplementację CBD (21).…”

Section: Potwierdzony Naukowo Zakres Działania Cbd U Koniunclassified

The application of cannabidiol in the treatment and health prevention of horses

NAWROT¹,

SOROKO-DUBROVINA²

2022

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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Cannabidiol (CBD) is one of the cannabinoids found in Cannabis sativa L. The action of CBD in the body is similar to that of neurotransmitters, thanks to which it regulates most of the biochemical processes taking place in the body. Research on CBD properties in equine veterinary medicine has begun relatively recently. It has recently been proven to reduce inflammation, relieve pain, stabilize the nervous system, and have a calming effect. Human studies suggest that, due to its effects on the endocannabinoid system, CBD will have a number of positive effects on equine homeostasis. Current research is focused on determining appropriate CBD doses for desirable therapeutic or heeling effects. The results of studies carried out so far have confirmed the effectiveness of CBD, which may lead to further research on the use of CBD in the treatment and health prevention of horses.

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“…In a preclinical study using rats with autism-like behavior, created through prenatal valproic acid exposure, CBDV proved to ameliorate behavioral abnormalities, restore hippocampal endocannabinoid signaling, and decrease neuroinflammation, indicating that CBDV could be a potential therapeutic agent for autism spectrum disorders [149].…”

Section: Cannabidiol (Cbd)-type Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In healthy people, ∆9-THC can cause acute psychotic reactions, together with a temporary decline in both cognitive function [9] and psychomotor control [164]. In patients with schizophrenia, ∆9-THC may intensify memory impairments, psychotic symptoms, and anxiety [150]; additionally, several studies have indicated a relationship between systematic Cannabis use and an increased risk of developing this condition [149]. Currently, there is growing preclinical evidence that ∆9-THC can suppress inflammation by activating CB2 or CB1/CB2 through multiple pathways, including: shifting the balance of human T helper 1 (Th1)/T helper 2 (Th2) cells [95], T reg differentiation [140], myeloid-derived suppressor cell induction (MDSC) [151], generation of apoptosis in dendritic and activated T cells [156,157], or induction of immunosuppressive MDSCs and T regs [165].…”

Section: Tetrahydrocannabinol (Thc)-type Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Major Phytocannabinoids and Their Related Compounds: Should We Only Search for Drugs That Act on Cannabinoid Receptors?

et al. 2021

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The most important discoveries in pharmacology, such as certain classes of analgesics or chemotherapeutics, started from natural extracts which have been found to have effects in traditional medicine. Cannabis, traditionally used in Asia for the treatment of pain, nausea, spasms, sleep, depression, and low appetite, is still a good candidate for the development of new compounds. If initially all attention was directed to the endocannabinoid system, recent studies suggest that many of the clinically proven effects are based on an intrinsic chain of mechanisms that do not necessarily involve only cannabinoid receptors. Recent research has shown that major phytocannabinoids and their derivatives also interact with non-cannabinoid receptors such as vanilloid receptor 1, transient receptor ankyrin 1 potential, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma or glitazone receptor, G55 protein-coupled receptor, and nuclear receptor, producing pharmacological effects in diseases such as Alzheimer’s, epilepsy, depression, neuropathic pain, cancer, and diabetes. Nonetheless, further studies are needed to elucidate the precise mechanisms of these compounds. Structure modulation of phytocannabinoids, in order to improve pharmacological effects, should not be limited to the exploration of cannabinoid receptors, and it should target other courses of action discovered through recent research.

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Effects of Cannabidiol on the In Vitro Lymphocyte Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Production of Senior Horses

Cited by 20 publications

References 33 publications

Pharmacokinetics of cannabidiol in a randomized crossover trial in senior horses

Pharmacokinetics of cannabidiol in a randomized crossover trial in senior horses

The application of cannabidiol in the treatment and health prevention of horses

Major Phytocannabinoids and Their Related Compounds: Should We Only Search for Drugs That Act on Cannabinoid Receptors?

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