Effects of Carbon Sources and Growth Regulators on the Tissue Culture of Sugarcane

Ullah, Mazhar; Khan, Mohammad Sayyar

doi:10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.1.312.321

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Besides that, this study explored the effect of combining the 2,4-D and BAP at various concentrations on cassava callus initiation which so far has not been reported. It is reported that the combination of 2 mg/L 2,4-D and 0.1 mg/L BAP gave the best callus induction for two rice varieties, Basmati-370 and Basmati-385 [19]. The same results were described for different [20,21].…”

Section: Anova Analysismentioning

confidence: 55%

The Influence of Plant Growth Regulators and Light Supply on Bitter Cassava Callus Initiation for Starch Production

Mohamad Puad,

Ibrahim,

Azmi

et al. 2024

IIUMEJ

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The application of cassava starch in the biopolymers industry has been growing significantly due to its low cost, good oxygen barrier in the dry state, and biodegradability. Plant culture technology is an alternative to traditional propagation as it does not require large areas for production, has a higher rate of multiplication, and produces disease-free plants. However, the application of cassava callus culture for starch production is limited. This study focuses on identifying the significant culture parameters for a maximum Rayong cultivar cassava callus growth and evaluation of its starch content. Cassava stems petiole and leaf explants were cultured on MS medium containing different combinations of 2,4-D (8, 12, and 15 mg/L) and BAP (1, 3, and 5 mg/L) under three light conditions (0, 16, and 24 h). The screening of the most influential parameter was done using the 2-level Factorial Design in Design Expert v13 by analyzing the frequency of callus formation. All leaf explant turned brown with no callus induction. The highest frequency of callus formation derived from stem petiole explant was achieved by the combination of 8 mg/L 2,4-D and 1 mg/L BAP under the light condition (75%) followed by 8 mg/L 2,4 D + 1 mg/L BAP under the dark condition (50%). Based on the ANOVA analysis, the individual supply of 2,4-D and BAP respectively, have a negative effect on callus formation while the combination of 2,4-D and BAP has a positive effect. Light supply did not significantly affect cassava callus formation. The amount of starch in the cassava callus was then investigated using an iodine test which yielded 0.21% of the total weight of the callus (0.0101g). The amount of starch is relatively low considering that the callus was not grown under the optimum condition for starch production. The findings of this study open prospects for future research in cassava cultures in favor of starch production. ABSTRAK: Penggunaan kanji ubi kayu dalam industri biopolimer telah meningkat secara mendadak disebabkan oleh faktor kosnya yang rendah, rintangan oksigen yang baik dan sifat keterbiodegradasi. Teknologi kultur tisu tumbuhan merupakan alternatif kepada pembiakan secara tradisional yang mana teknologi ini tidak memerlukan kawasan penanaman yang luas, penghasilan yang lebih singkat dan menghasilkan tumbuhan bebas penyakit. Walau bagaimanapun, kajian mengenai penggunaan kanji dari kultur ubi kayu masih belum meluas. Kajian ini bertujuan mengenal pasti parameter penting dalam pertumbuhan maksimum kalus kultivar ubi kayu Rayong dan kandungan kanjinya. Eksplan dari tangkai petiol dan daun ubi kayu dikulturkan dalam medium MS yang mengandungi pelbagai kombinasi hormon tumbuhan 2,4-D (8, 12 dan 15 mg/L) dan BAP (1, 3 dan 5 mg/L) di bawah tiga tempoh masa pencahayaan (0, 16 dan 24 jam). Saringan parameter paling berpengaruh dilakukan menerusi reka bentuk faktorial 2-peringkat perisian Design Expert v13 melalui analisa frekuensi pembentukan kalus. Semua eksplan daun telah bertukar dari hijau ke perang dan tidak menunjukkan induksi kalus. Bagi eksplan batang daun, frekuensi pembentukan kalus tertinggi diperoleh dari kombinasi 8 mg/L 2,4-D dan 1 mg/L BAP di bawah pencahayaan 24 jam (75%) diikuti dengan 8 mg/L 2,4 D + 1 mg/L BAP di bawah pencahayaan malap (50%). Berdasarkan analisis ANOVA, medium 2,4-D dan BAP masing-masing menunjukkan kesan negatif kepada pembentukan kalus, sementara kombinasi 2,4-D dan BAP memberikan kesan positif. Dapatan ini menunjukkan bahawa pencahayaan tidak signifikan terhadap pembentukan kalus kultur ubi kayu. Kandungan kanji di dalam kalus ubi kayu kemudiannya diuji dengan larutan iodin, dan menunjukkan dapatan sebanyak 0.21% dari berat kalus (0.0101 g). Secara relatif, nilai ini adalah rendah memandangkan eksperimen ini bukan dihasilkan di bawah keadaan optimum bagi pembentukan kanji. Hasil kajian ini membuka peluang kepada kajian-kajian lain di masa hadapan dalam penghasilan kanji dari kultur tisu ubi kayu.

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Section: Anova Analysismentioning

confidence: 55%

The Influence of Plant Growth Regulators and Light Supply on Bitter Cassava Callus Initiation for Starch Production

Mohamad Puad,

Ibrahim,

Azmi

et al. 2024

IIUMEJ

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“…In the present study the induced embryogenic calli cells induced on 4 mg/L 2,4-D of sugarcane had competency for transgene integration and subsequent regeneration. Previously 2,4-D has been extensively used for callus induction in sugarcane (Ullah et al, 2022). The competency of embryogenic calli for DNA uptake was previously reported (Bower and Birch, 1992).…”

Section: Discussion Discussion Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The media was then poured into Petri plates. The immature leaf whorls were used as explants and were collected from the 6-month-old field grown sugarcane plants and were sterilized according to the procedure reported (Ullah et al, 2022). Thin slices of the leaf whorls were placed on callus induction medium and were incubated under 2000 lux light at 28 ± 0.2 o C. The explant inoculated plates were exposed to 16 hrs photoperiod and observed on daily basis for callus induction.…”

Section: Ms Media and Explant Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biolistic transformation of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) with the Oryza sativa L. H+-PPase gene for improved salt stress tolerance

ULLAH

KHAN

JAN

et al. 2022

Not Bot Horti Agrobo

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Several biotic and abiotic stresses adversely affect sugarcane crop. Amongst the abiotic stresses, salinity causes substantial losses to sugarcane yield. Lack of conducive environment for sugarcane flowering and unstable genome are the main constraints in sugarcane crop improvement via conventional breeding. Therefore, genetic engineering of sugarcane using Oryza sativa L. H+-PPase gene (OVP1) to confer salt tolerance is the preferred alternative strategy. In the present research, tissue culture and biolistic transformation protocols for sugarcane were optimized. For callus induction, Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) was most effective. Maximum callus induction (50.22%) was achieved on CM-3 augmented with 2.5 mgL-1 2,4-D. The induced calli was subjected to biolistic transformation. For biolistic transformation, the gold particles (0.6 and 1.0 µm) and plasmid DNA (100 and 50 ng) were used for 1X and 2X bombardment. Significant differences (P≤0.05) were observed amongst the gold particles and plasmid DNA concentrations. Maximum transformation frequencies were observed when calli were bombarded 2X with 0.6 µm gold particles coated with 100 ng of DNA (23.60%). Selection and regeneration of transgenic calli were performed on MS media augmented with BAP (2.5 mgL-), NAA (1 mgL-1) hygromycin (25 mgL-1) and 2% coconut water. Regenerated plants after root induction on MS media containing NAA (2 mgL-1) and 2% coconut water were transferred to loam and clay (1:1) and acclimatized to greenhouse condition. The transgenic plants were confirmed through PCR and RT-PCR.

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“…The use of 2,4 D and thidiazuron can induce embryogenesis in coffee plants [11]. In sugarcane lower NAA concentration in combination with BAP highly induced shoot regeneration [12].…”

Section: Plant Height and Shootsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micropropagation of Ten Genotypes of Sugarcane Mutants on Media Containing BA and Thidiazuron

Sukendah¹,

Purnamaningsih²,

Priyadarshini³

2023

Advances in Biological Sciences Research

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Mutation induction in sugarcane by gamma irradiation has produced 10 mutant clones. Each mutant clone needs to be reproduced before further release. Multiplication of mutant clones is done in-vitro to produce true-to-type mutant sugar cane seeds. Four in-vitro media containing BA (Benzylaminopurine) and Thidiazuron were designed to obtain the right media for each sugarcane mutant. The medium used was basic Murashige Skoog (MS) medium containing 100 mg/l PVP and 3% sucrose, with the addition of BA (1 and 3 mg/l) and thidiazuron (0 and 0.5 mg/l). The explants used were shoots from the ten genotypes of the sugarcane mutants, measuring ±0.5 cm. The study used a completely randomized design with observational variables: shoot height, number of shoots, number of roots, visual shoots and roots. The results showed that growth media containing 3 mg/l BA and 0.5 mg/l thidiazuron was the best medium for multiplication of mutant sugarcane. Growth regulator auxin NAA was more effective in inducing the formation of sugarcane roots. Clones K10 and K8 had the best shoot multiplication ability compared to other mutant clones.

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Effects of Carbon Sources and Growth Regulators on the Tissue Culture of Sugarcane

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

The Influence of Plant Growth Regulators and Light Supply on Bitter Cassava Callus Initiation for Starch Production

The Influence of Plant Growth Regulators and Light Supply on Bitter Cassava Callus Initiation for Starch Production

Biolistic transformation of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) with the Oryza sativa L. H+-PPase gene for improved salt stress tolerance

Micropropagation of Ten Genotypes of Sugarcane Mutants on Media Containing BA and Thidiazuron

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