Effects of Carnosine Plus Vitamin E and Betaine Treatments on Oxidative Stress in Some Tissues of Aged Rats

Abstract

Oxidative stress plays an important role in aging. Effects of several antioxidants on age-related oxidative stress have been investigated. Carnosine (CAR) and betaine have antioxidant actions. The combination of CAR with vitamin E(CAR+E) increases its antioxidant efficiency. We investigated the effects of CAR+E and betaine treatments on oxidative and antioxidative status in liver, heart and brain tissues of aged rats. Experiments were carried out on young (5 months)and aged (22 months) male Wistar rats. Aged rats were given CAR (250 mg/kg; i.p.; 5 days per week) and vitamin E (200mg/kg; i.m.; twice per week) or betaine (1% w/v) for two months. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and diene conjugate (DC)levels and antioxidants were measured. MDA and DC levels were higher in tissues of aged rats than young rats. Glutathione(GSH) levels decreased in liver, but not heart and brain. There were no changes in vitamin E and vitamin C levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and glutathione transferase (GST) activities in tissues of aged rats. CAR+E treatment was observed to decrease MDA and DC levels in tissues of aged rats. However, betaine decreased only hepatic MDA and DC levels. Both CAR+E and betaine increased hepatic GSH and vitamin E levels, but these treatments did not affect antioxidant enzyme activities. These results suggest that CAR+E treatment seems to be useful to decrease oxidative stress in liver, heart and brain tissues, but betaine is only effective in liver tissue of aged rats.

Beneficial effects of carnosine and carnosine plus vitamin E treatments on doxorubicin-induced oxidative stress and cardiac, hepatic, and renal toxicity in rats

“…The doses of CAR and CAR þ Vit E were chosen in accordance with our previous studies. 31,35 At the end of the experimental period, the animals were fasted overnight and anesthetized with sodium thiopental (50 mg kg À1 ; i.p.). The rats were then killed by cardiac puncture, and blood samples were collected into dry tubes.…”

Effect of carnosine, methylprednisolone and their combined application on irisin levels in the plasma and brain of rats with acute spinal cord injury

“…Like the anti-oxidant neuroprotective action of MP, carnosine (C) is also mainly found in muscle and brain tissues (Boldyrev, 2012;Boldyrev et al, 2013). This dipeptide (beta-alanyl-L-histidine) scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS) to prevent peroxidation of cell membrane fatty acids during oxidative stress (Boldyrev, 2012;Coban et al, 2013). Thus, we hypothesized that carnosine might reverse the detrimental effects of SCI.…”

Olive leaf extract decreases age-induced oxidative stress in major organs of aged rats

“…Free radicals‐induced oxidative stress plays an important role in the aging process . Oxidative stress parameters have been found to increase in tissues, such as the liver, heart and brain, with increasing age. Several reports are also available in the literature regarding non‐enzymatic and enzymatic anti‐oxidants in the liver, heart and brain during aging.…”