Effects of carotid baroreceptor stimulation on retinal arteriole remodeling evaluated with adaptive optics camera in resistant hypertensive patients

Rosenbaum, David; Kanagasabapathy, C.; Girerd, Xavier

doi:10.1016/j.ancard.2017.04.007

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In this review nine of the included articles were longitudinal studies. For example, Gallo and coworkers 19 found a significant difference in WLR before and after standard anti-hypertensive therapy with AO FIO, showing that subtle changes can be detected in a longitudinal study. Findings like this have a high relevance as they show that AO FIO is sensitive to small changes in retinal vascular biomarkers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive optics ophthalmoscopy: a systematic review of vascular biomarkers

Bakker

Dikland

Bakel

et al. 2022

Survey of Ophthalmology

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parietal thickness (PT), wall cross-sectional area (WCSA), and wall-to-lumen ratio (WLR). The applicability of AO vascular biomarkers has been mostly explored in systemic hypertension using AO FIO and in diabetes using AO SLO. The result of the meta-analysis for hypertensive patients showed that WLR, PT, and ID were significantly different when compared to healthy controls, while WCSA was not (P < 0.001, P = 0.002, P < 0.001, and P = 0.070, respectively). The presented review shows that, although a substantial number of retinal vascular biomarkers have been explored in AO en face imaging, further clinical research and standardization of procedures is needed to validate such biomarkers for the longitudinal monitoring of arterial hypertension and other diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive optics ophthalmoscopy: a systematic review of vascular biomarkers

Bakker

Dikland

Bakel

et al. 2022

Survey of Ophthalmology

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“…Several AO studies have observed that blood pressure management in hypertension can lead to the reversal of retinal microvascular changes. 73,78 For instance, a significant increase was observed in inner diameter and reduction in parietal thickness after antihypertensive treatment, 78 suggesting a reversal of eutrophic remodeling as a result of blood pressure changes. With regards to specific medication classes, however, AO imaging studies have presented discordant findings.…”

Section: Effect Of Antihypertensive Medications Using Adaptive Optics...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The New Era of Retinal Imaging in Hypertensive Patients

Tan

Yao

et al. 2022

Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology

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Structural and functional alterations in the microcirculation by systemic hypertension can cause significant organ damage at the eye, heart, brain, and kidneys. As the retina is the only tissue in the body that allows direct imaging of small vessels, the relationship of hypertensive retinopathy signs with development of disease states in other organs have been extensively studied; large-scale epidemiological studies using fundus photography and advanced semi-automated analysis software have reported the association of retinopathy signs with hypertensive end-organ damage includes the following: stroke, dementia, and coronary heart disease. Although yielding much useful information, the vessels assessed from fundus photographs remain limited to the larger retinal arterioles and venules, and abnormalities observed may not be that of the earliest changes. Newer imaging modalities such as optical coherence tomography angiography and adaptive optics technology, which allow a greater precision in the structural quantification of retinal vessels, including capillaries, may facilitate the assessment and management of these patients. The advent of deep learning technology has also augmented the utility of fundus photographs to help create diagnostic and risk stratification systems. Particularly, deep learning systems have been shown in several large studies to be able to predict multiple cardiovascular risk factors, major adverse cardiovascular events within 5 years, and presence of coronary artery calcium, from fundus photographs alone. In the future, combining deep learning systems with the imaging precision offered by optical coherence tomography angiography and adaptive optics could pave way for systems that are able to predict adverse clinical outcomes even more accurately.

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