Effects of Characteristics of Rubber, Mixing and Vulcanization on the Structure and Properties of Rubber/Clay Nanocomposites by Melt Blending

Wu, Youping; Ma, Yong; Wang, Yiqing; Zhang, Liqun

doi:10.1002/mame.200400085

Cited by 115 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…After our success, a lot of researchers have started to study in these field and a huge number of research articles have been published. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] We expect that clay-based nanocomposite technology is grown into the universal method for high-performance materials from structural to functional ones extensively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and applications of polyolefin– and rubber–clay nanocomposites

Katô

Usuki

Hasegawa

et al. 2011

Polym J

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A nylon 6-clay hybrid (nanocomposite, NCH) was developed by Toyota CRDL group. In the NCH, the silicate layers of clay mineral are dispersed on a nanometer level and are strongly interacted with the matrix, and then significant improvements in the mechanical properties of the material or the discovery of unexpected new properties were realized. Polypropylene (PP) is the most widely used polymer, and then an appearance of a PP-clay nanocomposite has been desired for a long time. As a PP does not include any polar groups in its backbone, it was thought that the homogeneous dispersion of the silicate layers would not be realized. But we have developed successfully PP-clay nanocomposite using organoclay and modified PP. That is, organophilic clay, PP oligomer carrying polar groups and PP were melt-blended. This is a direct polymer intercalation process for preparing polymer nanocomposites by melt compounding, a useful process from an industrial standpoint. We have also developed successfully other polyolefin polymers (polyethylene), polyolefin rubbers (ethylene-propylene elastomer, ethylene-propylene diene monomer) and nanocomposites by this direct polymer intercalation process or by techniques based on direct polymer intercalation process. These prepared polyolefin nanocomposites exhibit superior mechanical, thermal and gas barrier properties. Polymer Journal (2011) 43, 583-593; doi:10.1038/pj.2011.44; published online 1 June 2011Keywords: clay mineral; nanocomposite; polyolefin; polyolefin rubber INTRODUCTION A nylon 6-clay hybrid (nanocomposite, NCH) has been developed, in which the silicate layers of clay mineral are dispersed on a nanometer level and strongly interact with the matrix. 1-3 Significant improvements in the mechanical properties of the material and the discovery of new properties also have been realized. Polyolefins (such as polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE)) are the most widely used polymers, and there has been interest in the development of a polyolefin-clay nanocomposite. As polyolefins do not include any polar groups in the backbone, a homogeneous dispersion of silicate layers did not seem to be possible. However, the successful development of a PP-clay nanocomposite using organoclay and modified PP has been achieved. Nanocomposites of clay with various polyolefin polymers and rubbers have been developed. This report provides an overview of preparation methods and properties of polyolefin polymer/rubbers-clay nanocomposites.Montmorillonite (MMT) was used as the clay mineral in this investigation of polyolefin-clay nanocomposites. MMT composed of micro-sized particles formed from stacks of three-layer 'sandwiches' is most widely used. In these sandwiches, a tetrahedral sheet of silicon oxide is on both sides of a central octahedral sheet of aluminum oxide (a 2:1.clay). The plate-shaped layers are 0.96-nm thick and have an average diameter of about 100-500 nm, which represents filler with a significantly large aspect ratio. For comparison, a glass fiber of 13 mm in diameter with a length o...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and applications of polyolefin– and rubber–clay nanocomposites

Katô

Usuki

Hasegawa

et al. 2011

Polym J

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“…When the HSP content increased from 0 to 20php, the compression set of the PUF samples increased, resilience decreased. This worse elastic recovery could be due to the energy dissipation contributed by the chain slipping along the particle surface [14][15] . When the HSP content increased from 0 to 15php, the tensile strength of the PUF samples increased from 108 to 140KPa, respectively.…”

Section: Densitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Properties of Hemp Stem Powder Reinforced Flexible Polyurethane Foams

Ying¹,

Liu²,

Huang³

et al. 2016

Proceedings of the 2nd Annual International Conference on Advanced Material Engineering (AME 2016)

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Abstract. In this article, a novel hemp stem powders (HSP) reinforced flexible polyurethane foam from polyols and diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) has been prepared by self-rising method using water as blowing agent. The cell morphology of the HP reinforced foam was examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Besides, the influence of HSP content on the mechanical property such as tensile strength, compressive strength, and resilience were studied.

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“…In spite of many researches in the field of the extrusion of thermoplastic nanocomposites, there are only a few publications about affective parameters in batch mixer for producing rubber nanocomposite. Other researchers [15] studied the effect of mixing on the properties of NR, SBR, BR and EPDM nanocomposites. Their results showed the mixing process plays a predominant role in formation nanometer scale dispersion structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the effect of processing conditions and organoclay content on the properties of styrene-butadiene rubber/organoclay nanocomposites by response surface methodology

Ghasemi

Karrabi²,

Mohammadi³

et al. 2010

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. In this work, basic mathematical models and response surface graphs have been used to illustrate the relationship between mixing parameters in internal mixer and properties of the SBR (styrene butadiene rubber)/organoclay composites. Using a Box-Behnken statistical design experiment methodology, the effects of mixing temperature (80-140°C), mixing time (4-12 min) and nano filler amount (3-9 phr) in SBR nanocomposites on the properties (tensile properties, scorch time and Mooney viscosity) were evaluated. It was found that the mixing parameters (time and temperature) have the predominant role in properties and morphology of nanocomposite. The R 2 values (the R 2 values indicate the degree of agreement between the experimental results with those predicted by model) of all responses were above 0.85. Increasing temperature and mixing time facilitated a better organoclay dispersion which resulted in a better tensile property. With increase in nanoclay amount in composite the scorch time and Mooney viscosity decreased. The morphology of nanocomposite was studied by XRD (X-ray diffraction) and TEM (Transmission electron microscope). Intercalation and exfoliation of the nanoclay were observed for samples with higher temperature and longer mixing time. Due to thermal degradation of the rubber matrix at 140°C, tensile properties of the nanocomposite were decreased.

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Effects of Characteristics of Rubber, Mixing and Vulcanization on the Structure and Properties of Rubber/Clay Nanocomposites by Melt Blending

Cited by 115 publications

References 21 publications

Development and applications of polyolefin– and rubber–clay nanocomposites

Development and applications of polyolefin– and rubber–clay nanocomposites

Preparation and Properties of Hemp Stem Powder Reinforced Flexible Polyurethane Foams

Evaluating the effect of processing conditions and organoclay content on the properties of styrene-butadiene rubber/organoclay nanocomposites by response surface methodology

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