Effects of Chloride and Sulfate Ions on the Growth, Leaf Burn, Composition and Anatomical Structure of Tobacco (Nicotiana Tabacum L.).

Wedin, W. F.; Struckmeyer, Β. Esther

doi:10.1104/pp.33.2.133

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…High leaf chloride reduces burn rate (Wedin and Struckmeyer, 1958) and degrades the aroma, odor and taste (Kitamura et al, 1978). However, 'Basma' tobacco types grown in Iran accumulate less chloride and can thus be grown under saline conditions (Morard et al, 1979).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Distribution of chloride in tobacco laminae and midribs as influenced by the chloride content of the irrigation water

Orphanos

1987

Plant Soil

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The high variability of the ratio of midrib to lamina chloride in tobacco leaves delivered to the curing plant prompted two experiments which aimed to identify some of the causes of such variability. In young tobacco plants chloride concentration was highest in the third or fourth leaf from the base of the plant, but in more mature plants (when the inflorescence began to appear) leaf chloride increased linearly from the apex to the base of the plant. The ratio of the concentration of midrib chloride to that of lamina chloride was always highest in the basal leaves, and decreased with increasing chloride concentration in the irrigation water, i.e.with increasing chloride supply more chloride went to the lamina than to the midrib per unit dry weight. This was verified with reported chloride contents for two irrigation experiments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Distribution of chloride in tobacco laminae and midribs as influenced by the chloride content of the irrigation water

Orphanos

1987

Plant Soil

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“…Tobacco is known to accumulate Cl and values of up to 10% have been recorded for leaves of plants grown under greenhouse conditions (McCants and Woltz, 1967). Chloride is considered detrimental to tobacco quality through reducing burn rate (Wedin and Struckmeyer, 1958) and degrading the aroma, odor, and taste (Kitamura et al, 1978). A Cl concentration of 3% is considered to be the maximum permissible level.…”

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confidence: 99%

Yield and Quality of Tobacco Grown with Supplementary Irrigation¹

Orphanos¹,

Metochis²

1985

Agronomy Journal

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Presently in Cyprus, tobacco (Nicotiana tabacumL.) is grown under supplementary irrigation with water high in CI. The present study sought to investigate the irrigation/yield relationship and the attendant concentration of CI and other constituents in the leaves. In three experiments in which one to six irrigations were tested, maximum evapotranspiration (ET) determined by the soil water balance method was reached 40 to 50 days after planting, and equaled evaporation from a screened Class A pan. The ET started declining just before the first leaf harvest, even though soil water was adequate. However, since soil water became limiting soon afterwards, the course of potential ET could not be followed. From the second leaf harvest until the end of the season, ET was very low (< 1 mm/day). Fresh yield increased from 12 Mg/ha with 60 mm irrigation to 28 Mg/ha with 360 mm irrigation, the highest amount tested. In contrast, dry matter yield only increased from 2.3 to 4.2 Mg/ha, respectively. Moreover, midrib material increased from 20% with 60 mm irrigation to 30% of the total leaf dry matter with 300 mm irrigation. Concentration of CI for the whole leaf increased from about 2% with 60 mm irrigation to 3% with 300 mm irrigation (disregarding the last sampling). Concentration of K decreased from 4 to 2% between the first and the third harvest and in one experiment it tended to increase with irrigation. Leaf P increased from about 0.1 with 60 mm irrigation to 0.2% with 180 mm irrigation. The burn rate of laminae, determined in one experiment, increased with irrigation, even though CI also increased.

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“…At the UCPRS‐17, there was no interaction between the sampling times and the Cl rates applied, but in the average of all the sampling periods evaluated, the S content in the leaf decreased with the Cl rates. Wedin and Struckmeyer (1958) also found that S uptake was depressed by an increase in Cl in tobacco leaves. However, in all cases evaluated in our study, the leaf S concentration was never below the optimal range (0.15%–0.60%, Table 3) (Figures 3e and 6), indicating that S was not a limiting nutrient.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Flue‐cured tobacco and Cl rates: Implications on yield, quality, and nutrient concentration

et al. 2023

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The increase in flue-cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) yields in recent decades due to genetic improvements of new cultivars and management technologies may increase the plant demand for Cl, and the increased dry mass may dilute Cl concentration, thereby reducing negative effects. This study evaluated the effect of increasing doses of Cl on tobacco production, quality, and chemical composition of leaves, in four growing environments located at research stations where flue-cured tobacco is produced in North Carolina. The treatments consisted of 11 rates of Cl (0, 11, 22, 34, 45, 56, 67, 78, 90, 101, and 112 kg ha −1 ) in each growing environment, with four replications in a randomized complete block design. The yield and visual quality, total alkaloids, and reducing sugars concentrations of cured leaf were determined. In addition, the concentration of selected nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, and Cl) and nitrate (NO 3 − ) in tobacco leaves was measured in five different periods. Rates of Cl up to 112 kg ha −1 did not reduce the productivity or quality of flue-cured tobacco in any environment. The Cl rate required to reach the threshold of 1.0% Cl content in cured leaf was site-specific, being surpassed even in the control treatment at one location, or with Cl rates higher than 34 and 90 kg ha −1 in two environments. In one environment, the Cl rates increased tobacco yield, probably due the direct effect of Cl as a nutrient. Although the increasing Cl rates increased the reducing sugars concentration, visual quality was not attenuated.

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Effects of Chloride and Sulfate Ions on the Growth, Leaf Burn, Composition and Anatomical Structure of Tobacco (Nicotiana Tabacum L.).

Cited by 14 publications

References 10 publications

Distribution of chloride in tobacco laminae and midribs as influenced by the chloride content of the irrigation water

Distribution of chloride in tobacco laminae and midribs as influenced by the chloride content of the irrigation water

Yield and Quality of Tobacco Grown with Supplementary Irrigation¹

Flue‐cured tobacco and Cl rates: Implications on yield, quality, and nutrient concentration

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Effects of Chloride and Sulfate Ions on the Growth, Leaf Burn, Composition and Anatomical Structure of Tobacco (Nicotiana Tabacum L.).

Cited by 14 publications

References 10 publications

Distribution of chloride in tobacco laminae and midribs as influenced by the chloride content of the irrigation water

Distribution of chloride in tobacco laminae and midribs as influenced by the chloride content of the irrigation water

Yield and Quality of Tobacco Grown with Supplementary Irrigation1

Flue‐cured tobacco and Cl rates: Implications on yield, quality, and nutrient concentration

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Yield and Quality of Tobacco Grown with Supplementary Irrigation¹