Effects of chronic smoking on central corneal thickness, endothelial cell, and dry eye parameters

Sayın, Nihat; Kara, Necip; Pekel, Gökhan; Altınkaynak, Hasan

doi:10.3109/15569527.2013.832688

Cited by 75 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…13 Some studies have reported an increased risk of guttata development and morphological changes in the corneal endothelium. 14,15 The contradicting results may be due to differences between the groups in these studies and not separating passive smokers. 16 The aim of our study was to compare corneal endothelial density and morphological changes Correspondence: Selcuk Kara, MD, Ç anakkale Onsekiz Mart Universitesi Tip Fakultesi, Goz Hastalıkları AD, Terziog lu Kampü sü , 17060, Ç anakkale, Turkey.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…18,19 Increased dry-eye signs and symptoms have also been shown in chronic smokers. 15,16 Chronic smoking disrupts the stability of the tear film on the corneal surface due to the negative effect on the cells that produce this film, leading to dry-eye symptoms. It is believed that the meibomian glands in the eyelids are especially affected and the TBUT is prolonged with the decrease in the lipid layer, which has an important role in delaying evaporation of tears.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Smoking on Corneal Endothelial Cells

Kara

Gencer

Türkön

et al. 2015

Seminars in Ophthalmology

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Smoking on Corneal Endothelial Cells

Kara

Gencer

Türkön

et al. 2015

Seminars in Ophthalmology

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“…The innermost endothelial layer of the cornea is a thin, monolayer of cuboidal cells covering the posterior side of Descemet's membrane which plays a key role in regulating the hydration level of the cornea through an active ATP and bicarbonate-dependent pump. Studies have reported that cigarette smoke affects endothelial cell count, guttata development, and morphological changes [27][28][29]. Corneal endothelial cells are sensitive to hypoxia and cigarette smoke-related hypoxia may put the endothelial cells at risk leading to corneal transplant failure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corneal transplant failure associated with smoking

Fraunfelder¹,

Raju²,

Strohbehn³

2017

Eye Care Vis

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This retrospective study was conducted in the University of Missouri's cornea transplant service from January 1, 2010 to September 30, 2015 to determine whether smoking increases the risk of corneal transplant failure. Cornea transplant patient's records were identified via the Informatics for Integrity Biology and the Bedside data query portal using the ICD-9 codes for penetrating keratoplasty (11.64), endothelial keratoplasty (11.62, 11.63 and 11.69) and 996.51 for corneal transplant failures. A total of 257 patients were identified. The study sample was 52% female and 48% male. A total of 151 patients had penetrating keratoplasty, while 106 had endothelial keratoplasty. Penetrating keratoplasty patients with a history of smoking had a significantly higher rate of transplant failure (73%) versus those with no history of smoking (53%). Endothelial keratoplasty patients with a smoking history had a slightly higher rate of transplant failure (33.3%) versus those with no history of smoking (30%). Glaucoma patients with smoking habits also had a higher transplant failure rate (70%) compared to glaucoma patients without a smoking history (52%). Further, the study showed that female smokers and younger smokers (<54) have higher transplant failure rates. Overall the study found that patients with a history of smoking have higher rates of corneal transplant failure than non-smokers.

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“…Furthermore, cigarette smoking may be harmful to the corneal endothelium. In our previous study, we found a significant decrease in the percentage of hexagonal cells in chronic smokers [1]. In addition to these findings, another study showed that smoking may inhibit or suppress the triggering factors of keratoconus and lead to a decreased rate or reduced severity of keratoconus [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chronic smoking has negative effects on the ocular surface; chronic smokers had lower Schirmer scores in the corneas [1], a higher degree of squamous metaplasia [2,3], a higher grade of lipid layer changes in tears [3], and lower tear film break-up time compared with non-smokers [1][2][3][4]. Smoking also affects tear secretion and protein components in tears [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2015

AOVS

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We compared the biomechanical properties of corneas in eyes of healthy chronic smokers and non-smokers. In this prospective, comparative, and cross-sectional study, 50 eyes of 50 healthy chronic smokers (Study group) and 50 eyes of 50 agematched, healthy non-smokers (Control group) were enrolled. The corneal hysteresis (CH) and corneal resistance factor (CRF) were measured intwo groups using the Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA). Differences in the corneal biomechanical properties were determined using an independent-samples t test. Urine samples were collected to measure urinary levels of cotinine. Correlations between the number of cigarettes smoked per day, smoking duration, age, and CH-CRF values in the smokers group were also evaluated. Mean CH was 10.63±2.08 (SD) mmHg and 10.57±1.45 mmHg and the mean CRF was 10.53±1.81 mmHg and 10.27±1.77 mmHg in the smoker and control groups, respectively (p>0.05). CH and CRF were not correlated with the number of cigarettes smoked per day, smoking duration, or age. The findings indicate that cigarette smoking does not affect corneal biomechanical parameters such as CH and CRF. In addition, CH and CRF are not affected by the number of cigarettes smoked per day, smoking duration, or age. Keywords 2/4 Results and Discussion Demographic FindingsIn this study, 50 eyes of 50 healthy chronic smokers admitted to our department were included. As a control group, 50 eyes of 50 age-matched, healthy non-smokers were included. The mean ± SD age of the included subjects was 36.28±5.91 years (range 28-48) and 35.02±5.83 years (range 27-49 years) for the smokers group and the non-smokers group, respectively (p ˃0.05). On average, smokers smoked 16.70±8.00 (range 10-30) cigarettes per day and had been smoking for 12.20±3.01 (range 10-20) years.). The characteristics of the two groups of subjects are shown in (Table 1). There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups with regard to gender, AL, and CCT distributions (p˃0.05).Cotinine levels in the urine were 44.2±9.8 ng/ml in nonsmokers and 2439±451 ng/ml in smokers (p˂0.05). These data clearly indicate that the smokers were accurately selected, because the urine cotinine concentration in nonsmokers is normally below 500 ng/ml [14]. Biomechanical Parameters (CH and CRF) Urinary Cotinine ConcentrationTo distinguish objectively between smokers and nonsmokers, it was necessary to determine the level of cotinine in the urine. Cotinine, the major metabolite of nicotine, has a half life of 24 hours and is readily detectable in the smoker's urine even several days after the smoker has terminated smoking. Urine samples were collected in clean plastic containers to measure urinary levels of cotinine [11], and the basic technique used was based on spectrophotometric assessment at wavelength 532 nm. Laboratory workups were performed in the laboratory of the Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Education and Research Hospital. The influence of diuresis on urinary cotinine concentrations was corrected using the method described by T...

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Effects of chronic smoking on central corneal thickness, endothelial cell, and dry eye parameters

Abstract: Our results suggest that cigarette smoking seems to affect the Schirmer score, TBUT value, and hexagonal cells of the corneal endothelium.

Cited by 75 publications

References 37 publications

The Effect of Smoking on Corneal Endothelial Cells

The Effect of Smoking on Corneal Endothelial Cells

Corneal transplant failure associated with smoking

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