Effects of Climatic Change on the Population Dynamics of Crop Pests

Cammell, M. E.; Knight, J. D.

doi:10.1016/s0065-2504(08)60135-x

Cited by 156 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Other studies have demonstrated that sloping sites and border hedgerows that reduce wind speed promoted aphid landing and affected aphids and Ootheca distribution [38]. High plant density (that is increasing plant density from 22 bean plant/m 2 to 33 bean plant/m 2 ) was found to decrease common bean virus incidence transmitted by aphids by 10% -20% [28].…”

Section: Agronomical Practicesmentioning

confidence: 91%

Potential of Controlling Common Bean Insect Pests (Bean Stem Maggot (Ophiomyia phaseoli), Ootheca (Ootheca bennigseni) and Aphids (Aphis fabae)) Using Agronomic, Biological and Botanical Practices in Field

Mwanauta¹,

Mtei²,

Ndakidemi³

2015

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Common bean production in Africa suffers from different constrains. The main damage is caused by insect pest infestations in the field. The most common insects pests which attack common bean in the field are the bean stem maggot (Ophiomyia phaseoli), ootheca (Ootheca bennigseni) and aphids (Aphis fabae). Currently, few farmers in Africa are using commercial pesticides for the control of these insect pests. Due to the negative side effects of commercial pesticides to human health and the environment, there is a need for developing and recommending alternative methods such as those involving agronomic and botanical/biological measures in controlling common bean insect pests. This review aim to report the most common insects pests which attack common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in the field and explore the potential of agronomic, biological and botanical methods as a low-cost, safe and environmentally friendly means of controlling insect pests in legumes.

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Section: Agronomical Practicesmentioning

confidence: 91%

Potential of Controlling Common Bean Insect Pests (Bean Stem Maggot (Ophiomyia phaseoli), Ootheca (Ootheca bennigseni) and Aphids (Aphis fabae)) Using Agronomic, Biological and Botanical Practices in Field

Mwanauta¹,

Mtei²,

Ndakidemi³

2015

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“…For example, it would strengthen our ability to predict and manipulate the seasonal activity of organisms from regions with distinct wet-dry seasons; these organisms include insect pests and natural enemies, as well as insectivorous vertebrates (Spiller and Schoener 1995). Furthermore, it would enable ecologists to assess the consequences of environmental perturbation (e.g., global warming, alterations in annual rainfall patterns, and the introduction of irrigation or periodic flooding into arid regions) (Mattson andHaack 1987, Cammell andKnight 1992). And finally, if conducted within a phylogenetic setting, comparative studies that focus on the mechanisms of response to moisture could help elucidate evolutionary pathways of adaptation to long-term climatic changes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Moisture, a Vital but Neglected Factor in the Seasonal Ecology of Insects: Hypotheses and Tests of Mechanisms

Tauber

Nyrop

et al. 1998

Environmental Entomology

110

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Of the major physical factors that influence insect seasonal ecology, moisture is least understood and least appreciated. It is our premise that experimental probing of insects from diverse zones and various habitats would reveal general patterns of insect responses to moisture that are as striking as those for photoperiod and temperature. Using the paradigms of photoperiod and temperature as ecophysiological determinants of insect seasonality, we hypothesize that moisture influences insect life cycles via one or more of three mechanisms-as a token stimulus for diapause, modulator of developmental or reproductive rates, or behavioral cue for vital seasonal events. For heuristic purposes, we offer each of these hypotheses in close association with approaches for testing their validity in insects that undergo dry-season dormancy. The approaches appear appropriate for examining the role of moisture in the life histories of terrestrial invertebrates other than insects, as well as plants and microbes that have a seasonal resting stage. Elucidating moisture's role in insect seasonal cycles is critical to the development of comprehensive phenological models, improved insect management systems, and identification of novel evolutionary mechanisms for adaptation to wet-dry seasons, especially in tropical, subtropical, and Mediterranean regions.KEY WORDS phenology, moisture, soil-inhabiting insects, dormancy, development, reproduction PHOTOPERIOD ANDTEMPERATURE are generally considered prime factors in the seasonal ecology of terrestrial invertebrates (Beck 1980, Tauber et aI.1986). In contrast, moisture is usually consigned a secondary or minor role. This subordinate ranking of moisture as a seasonal cue may be grossly misleading for 2 reasons: First, phenological studies are concentrated in the Temperate Zone where large seasonal changes in photoperiod and temperature typically occur. Consequently, investigators are heavily biased toward using photoperiod and temperature as variables, and data on moisture's function and significance are lacking. Second, the natural histories of a large proportion of earth's insects (e.g., those from tropical, Mediterranean, and other regions with conspicuous wet and dry seasons) are highly correlated with changes in moisture conditions (Essig 1926, Edney 1977, Wolda 1978, Shapiro 1979, Mooney et al. 1980, Labeyrie 1981, King 1984, Denlinger 1986, Paarmann 1986, Powell 1986, Brakefield 1987, Dobkin et a1.1987, Janzen 1987, Bradshaw and Holzapfel 1988, Clouds ley-Thompson 1991, Hadley 1994, Somme 1995. Indeed, it appears that cycles of rainfall and moisture in wet-dry regions may rival those of temperature in temperate regions, in both their seasonal predictability and their importance for survival and development of insects. Thus, we contend that moisture constitutes a greatly un-

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“…In other agronomic studies, row spacing and plant density, weed control and stubble retention have been used to control bean stem maggot [27]. Other studies have reported that, sloping sites and border hedgerows which reduce wind speed promote aphid landing and affects aphids and Ootheca species distribution [28]. Increasing plant density from 22 bean plant/m 2 to 33 bean plant/m 2 was found to decrease common bean virus incidence transmitted by aphids by 10% -20% [29].…”

Section: Traditional Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Toxicity, Persistence and Mode of Actions of Selected Botanical Pesticides in Africa against Insect Pests in Common Beans, P. vulgaris: A Review

Mpumi¹,

Mtei²,

Machunda³

et al. 2016

AJPS

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Common beans are affected by many insect pests such as bean leaf beetle, aphids, legume pod borer and bean beetles. Traditional and cultural practices such as site selection, crop rotation, intercropping and seed selection, sowing date are used to reduce the infestation of insect pests of common beans in the field and in storage rooms. Natural enemies such as predators, parasitoids and pathogens can control the insect pests. Synthetic pesticides such as cypermethion, carbaryl, and lambda-cyhalothrin have reported to be effective, but are toxic to people, destroy natural enemies and contaminate the environment. Botanical pesticides are the promising alternatives. This review paper explains toxicity, persistence and mode of actions of active ingredients of botanical pesticides. Rotenone from T. vogelii has the oral lethal dose (LD50) of 132 -1500 mg/kg to mammals. It delays the electron transport chain in mitochondria of the insects and limits the cellular energy production. Azadirachtin is antifeedant and growth disruptor of insects. It has low toxicity to mammals. The oral LD 50 in mammals is greater than 3540 mg/kg. Azadirachtin displays strong effects on chemoreceptors of the insects. Pyrethrins are axonic poisons and have repellent effects to insects. It is less toxic to mammals with the LD 50 of about 1500 mg/Kg. It attacks the nervous systems of insects. Sesquiterpene lactones from T. diversifolia, Pentacyclic triterpenoids from Lantana camara, Vernodalin, Vernodalol and Epivernodalol from V. amygdalina have repellent and feeding deterrents chemicals which discourage the insects from feeding the crop. Most active ingredients of botanical pesticides have short life span in the environment.

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Effects of Climatic Change on the Population Dynamics of Crop Pests

Cited by 156 publications

References 78 publications

Potential of Controlling Common Bean Insect Pests (Bean Stem Maggot (<i>Ophiomyia phaseoli</i>), Ootheca (<i>Ootheca bennigseni</i>) and Aphids (<i>Aphis fabae</i>)) Using Agronomic, Biological and Botanical Practices in Field

Potential of Controlling Common Bean Insect Pests (Bean Stem Maggot (<i>Ophiomyia phaseoli</i>), Ootheca (<i>Ootheca bennigseni</i>) and Aphids (<i>Aphis fabae</i>)) Using Agronomic, Biological and Botanical Practices in Field

Moisture, a Vital but Neglected Factor in the Seasonal Ecology of Insects: Hypotheses and Tests of Mechanisms

The Toxicity, Persistence and Mode of Actions of Selected Botanical Pesticides in Africa against Insect Pests in Common Beans, <i>P. vulgaris</i>: A Review

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Effects of Climatic Change on the Population Dynamics of Crop Pests

Cited by 156 publications

References 78 publications

Potential of Controlling Common Bean Insect Pests (Bean Stem Maggot (&lt;i&gt;Ophiomyia phaseoli&lt;/i&gt;), Ootheca (&lt;i&gt;Ootheca bennigseni&lt;/i&gt;) and Aphids (&lt;i&gt;Aphis fabae&lt;/i&gt;)) Using Agronomic, Biological and Botanical Practices in Field

Potential of Controlling Common Bean Insect Pests (Bean Stem Maggot (&lt;i&gt;Ophiomyia phaseoli&lt;/i&gt;), Ootheca (&lt;i&gt;Ootheca bennigseni&lt;/i&gt;) and Aphids (&lt;i&gt;Aphis fabae&lt;/i&gt;)) Using Agronomic, Biological and Botanical Practices in Field

Moisture, a Vital but Neglected Factor in the Seasonal Ecology of Insects: Hypotheses and Tests of Mechanisms

The Toxicity, Persistence and Mode of Actions of Selected Botanical Pesticides in Africa against Insect Pests in Common Beans, &lt;i&gt;P. vulgaris&lt;/i&gt;: A Review

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Potential of Controlling Common Bean Insect Pests (Bean Stem Maggot (<i>Ophiomyia phaseoli</i>), Ootheca (<i>Ootheca bennigseni</i>) and Aphids (<i>Aphis fabae</i>)) Using Agronomic, Biological and Botanical Practices in Field

Potential of Controlling Common Bean Insect Pests (Bean Stem Maggot (<i>Ophiomyia phaseoli</i>), Ootheca (<i>Ootheca bennigseni</i>) and Aphids (<i>Aphis fabae</i>)) Using Agronomic, Biological and Botanical Practices in Field

The Toxicity, Persistence and Mode of Actions of Selected Botanical Pesticides in Africa against Insect Pests in Common Beans, <i>P. vulgaris</i>: A Review