Effects of climatic variability and change on forest ecosystems: a comprehensive science synthesis for the U.S

Vose, James M.; Peterson, David L.; Patel-Weynand, Toral

doi:10.2737/pnw-gtr-870

Cited by 104 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…However, these early policies and practices were not entirely conducive to the learning, flexibility, and adaptiveness needed for managing a complex system in increasingly unpredictable times [12][13][14][15]. A significant shift in overall agency direction was set into motion in the 1990s under the ecosystem management approach, but was only recently codified statutorily and expanded through the 2012 USFS Planning Rule.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adapting Tropical Forest Policy and Practice in the Context of the Anthropocene: Opportunities and Challenges for the El Yunque National Forest in Puerto Rico

McGinley¹

2017

Forests

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Abstract:Tropical forest management increasingly is challenged by multiple, complex, intersecting, and in many cases unprecedented changes in the environment that are triggered by human activity. Many of these changes are associated with the Anthropocene-a new geologic epoch in which humans have become a dominating factor in shaping the biosphere. Ultimately, as human activity increasingly influences systems and processes at multiple scales, we are likely to see more extraordinary and surprising events, making it difficult to predict the future with the level of precision and accuracy needed for broad-scale management prescriptions. In this context of increasing surprise and uncertainty, learning, flexibility, and adaptiveness are essential to securing ecosystem resilience and sustainability, particularly in complex systems such as tropical forests. This article examines the experience to date with and potential for collaborative, adaptive land and resource management in the El Yunque National Forest (EYNF)-the only tropical forest in the U.S. National Forest System. The trajectory of EYNF policy and practice over time and its capacity for learning, flexibility, and adaptiveness to change and surprise are analyzed through an historical institutionalism approach. EYNF policies and practices have shifted from an early custodial approach that focused mostly on protection and prevention to a top-down, technical approach that eventually gave way to an ecosystem approach that has slowly incorporated more flexible, adaptive, and active learning elements. These shifts in EYNF management mostly have been reactive and incremental, with some rarer, rapid changes primarily in response to significant changes in national-level policies, but also to local level conditions and changes in them. Looking to the future, it seems the EYNF may be better positioned than ever before to address increasing uncertainty and surprise at multiple scales. However, it must be able to count on the resources necessary for implementing adaptive, collaborative forest management in a tropical setting and on the institutional and organizational space and flexibility to make swift adjustments or course corrections in response to system changes and surprises.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adapting Tropical Forest Policy and Practice in the Context of the Anthropocene: Opportunities and Challenges for the El Yunque National Forest in Puerto Rico

McGinley¹

2017

Forests

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“…Projected changes in species composition due to climate change suggest that by 2100 growing conditions in the northeastern United Sates will become more suitable for oaks and less suitable for maples (Iverson and Prasad 1998, Rustad et al 2012, Vose et. al.…”

Section: What This Meansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pennsylvania forests 2014

McWilliams¹,

Widmann²,

Butler³

et al. 2017

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This report summarizes the third cycle of annualized inventory of Pennsylvania with field data collected from 2009 through 2014. Pennsylvania has 16.9 million acres of forest land dominated by sawtimber stands of oak/hickory and maple/beech/birch forest-type groups. Volumes continue to increase as the forests age with an average of 2,244 cubic feet per acre on timberland. Sawtimber volume has risen 24 percent in 10 years to 115 billion board feet. Net growth outpaced removals by a ratio of 2.4:1 on timberland. Additional information on land-use change, fragmentation, ownership, forest composition, structure and age distribution, carbon stocks, regeneration, invasive plants, insect pests, and wood products is also presented. Sets of supplemental tables are available online at https://doi.org/10.2737/NRS-RB-111 and contain: 1) tables that summarize quality assurance and 2) a core set of tabular estimates for a variety of forest resources. AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank those who contributed to this assessment of Pennsylvania's forest resources. The dedicated and vital data collection staff who took the measurements upon which this analysis is based are:

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“…al. 2011, Halofsky et al 2011, Littell et al 2012, Peterson et al 2011, other forested ecosystems in the United States (Rice et al 2012, Swanston andJanowiak 2012), and the United States in general (Vose et al 2012). Much literature focuses on generalizable "toolbox approaches" (Joyce et al 2009, Millar et al 2007, Peterson et al 2011, Spies et al 2010.…”

Section: Chapter 9: Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change effects on vegetation in the Pacific Northwest: a review and synthesis of the scientific literature and simulation model projections

Peterson¹,

Kerns²,

Dodson³

2014

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Effects of climatic variability and change on forest ecosystems: a comprehensive science synthesis for the U.S

Cited by 104 publications

References 82 publications

Adapting Tropical Forest Policy and Practice in the Context of the Anthropocene: Opportunities and Challenges for the El Yunque National Forest in Puerto Rico

Adapting Tropical Forest Policy and Practice in the Context of the Anthropocene: Opportunities and Challenges for the El Yunque National Forest in Puerto Rico

Pennsylvania forests 2014

Climate change effects on vegetation in the Pacific Northwest: a review and synthesis of the scientific literature and simulation model projections

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