Effects of concentration on the partitioning of macromolecule mixtures in agarose gels

What determines glomerular capillary permeability?

“…Viewed in the direction of filtrate flow, as shown in Figure 2, the proposed structure exhibits rectangular openings with dimensions of 4 × 14 nm, alternating from side to side. Those openings correspond almost exactly to the molecular dimensions calculated from the hydrodynamic properties of albumin, when it is modeled as a prolate spheroid (2). That, and its elegant regularity, have made the zipper structure very appealing.…”

“…However, despite our diabetogenic environment, some individuals develop diabetes and others do not. Multiple studies provide evidence that genetic factors are important contributors to the large inter-individual variation in diabetes susceptibility (1,2). Identification of T2DM susceptibility genes has proven challenging, in part due to the heterogeneous and polygenic nature of the condition and due to our limited understanding of its underlying pathophysiology.…”

Diffusivities of macromolecules in composite hydrogels

“…The theoretical curves in Figure 3 were based on the values of a (Table 2) and for agarose (Figure 4), together with a value of r f (ϭ1.64 nm) inferred recently from equilibrium partitioning data for untreated agarose (Lazzara and Deen, 2004). The expression of Ogston (Eq.…”

“…9 was obtained from simulations based on randomly positioned and oriented fibers of uniform radius (Johansson and Lofroth, 1993). Modeling untreated agarose in this manner led to very accurate predictions of equilibrium partition coefficients for BSA and several Ficolls (Lazzara and Deen, 2004), provided that the fiber radius was chosen as 1.6 nm. That value is close to the number-average fiber radius of 1.9 nm suggested by small-angle X-ray scattering data (Djabourov et al, 1989).…”

Equilibrium partitioning of Ficoll in composite hydrogels

“…For spheres, electrostatic interactions have also been considered [7,8]. Agarose gels, in bead or sheet form, have been an attractive system for testing these partitioning models (e.g., [5,9,10]). In particular, it was found recently that Φ i for BSA and several sizes of Ficoll in agarose gels closely followed the predictions of an excluded volume theory, for both dilute and concentrated solutions, when agarose was modeled as a fiber matrix with a uniform radius of 1.6 nm [10].…”