Effects of consumption of whole grape powder on basal NF-κB signaling and inflammatory cytokine secretion in a mouse model of inflammation

Abstract

Dietary consumption of polyphenol-rich fruits, such as grapes, may reduce inflammation and potentially prevent diseases linked to inflammation. Here, we used a genetically engineered murine model to measure Nuclear Factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) activity and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion to test the hypothesis that oral consumption of whole grape formulation reduces inflammatory signaling in the body. NF-κB luciferase reporter mice were divided into two groups, one which was fed an experimental diet formulated with 4% (w/w) whole grape powder (WGP) or another which was fed a control diet formulated with 3.6% glucose/fructose (w/w) combination. Simulated inflammation was induced in the mice by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). imaging was used to determine the effect of each diet on NF-κB activity. We found that there were no significant differences in weight gain between the WGP and control diet groups. However, there was a statistically significant (<0.0001) difference in the progression of basal levels of NF-κB signaling between mice fed on control or WGP diet. There were no significant differences in NF-κB reporter indices between WGP- and control-diet groups after either acute or repeated inflammatory challenge. However, terminal blood collection revealed significantly (<0.01) lower serum concentrations of the inflammatory cytokines Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNFα) only among WGP diet mice subjected to acute inflammatory challenge. Overall, these data suggest that while diets supplemented with WGP may suppress steady-state low levels of inflammatory signaling, such a supplementation may not alleviate exogenously induced massive NF-κB activation.

Costunolide inhibits inflammation in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells and ameliorates gastric acid reflux-induced esophageal injury in rat model

“…Once the stimulus is resolved, the process returns to the latent state. Many studies had proved that the NF-κB signaling pathway is involved in the occurrence and development of inflammation-related diseases and cancer [33,34]. To investigate the interrelation between NF-κB signaling pathway and RE, we furthermore performed western blotting assay on the esophageal tissue proteins.…”

Ghrelin protects against contact dermatitis and psoriasiform skin inflammation by antagonizing TNF-α/NF-κB signaling pathways

“…Ghrelin acts as a critical factor in a variety of physiological and disease processes, including neurogenesis, tumorigenesis, hypertension and tissue regeneration 25–29 . Additionally, the anti-inflammatory function of ghrelin has been extensively studied 30–35 . Its mechanism might be mediated through inhibition of inflammatory cytokines by binding to its receptor, GHSR1a, thus protecting the body from inflammation 35–37 .…”

Optimized Extraction by Response Surface Methodology Used for the Characterization and Quantification of Phenolic Compounds in Whole Red Grapes (Vitis vinifera)

“…Phenolic compounds are differentially distributed in the skins, pulp, and seeds of grapes [6]. The beneficial health effects of these compounds have been reported from the consumption of phenolic compounds from whole grapes [7], grape juice [8,9], and grape seeds [10].…”