Effects of Corn Supplementation into PKC-Urea Treated Rice Straw Basal Diet on Hematological, Biochemical Indices and Serum Mineral Level in Lambs

Abstract

Simple SummaryIn Malaysia, livestock farms have used palm kernel cake as the main source of feed for livestock. The low cost and good content of crude protein in palm kernel cake makes it an appropriate food for sheep, but feeding huge amounts of palm kernel cakes (PKC) for a long period may expose them to copper toxicity. This study suggests supplementing a certain amount of corn as a source of energy into PKC basal diets estranged of toxicity to maintain the health status of lambs compared with other treatments, in terms of the hematological and biochemical parameters of lambs.AbstractTwenty-seven Dorper lambs were used to determine the effect of supplementing corn as a source of energy into the palm kernel cake (PKC) urea-treated rice straw basal diet on the blood metabolic profile and metals in lambs. The lambs were randomly allotted to three experimental treatments according to their initial body weight for a 120 day trial. Dietary treatments were: T1 (control diet) = 75.3% of PKC + 0% corn, T2 = 70.3% of PKC + 5% corn, and T3 = 65.3% of PKC + 10% corn. The results of this study indicated that copper (Cu), selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), and iron (Fe) concentration intake, retention, and its absorption from the gut and apparent mineral digestibility were highly significant for the levels of corn supplementation. The biochemical and hematological parameters remained within normal levels with the treatments, but the white blood cell, eosinophil count, cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) were significantly higher in T3. Treatment 3 significantly increased the concentration of Se and Fe, while Zn was reduced in the blood serum of lambs on day 120. The result shows that the inclusion of corn has no effect on the hematological and biochemical parameters of lambs after incorporating corn into the PKC-based diet at 5% and 10%.

Histopathological Effects of Different Levels of Palm Kernel Cake Fed to Dorper Lambs

“…However, a higher concentration of dietary Cu in the sheep diet may probably cause mortality and histopathological changes within the tissues of vital organs due to toxicity. Findings from the present study are inconsistent with (Saeed et al, 2019a;Saeed et al, 2019b;Soren et al, 2017) on their studies on Cu poisoning in domesticated sheep. The histopathological findings confirm the mild liver toxicity observed in present study agrees with (Hair-Bejo et al, 1995) who reported hepatocyte swollen, as well as vacuolated and necrotized, particularly at the medulla zone.…”

The Hematological and Blood Chemical Parameters of the Female Fat Tail Sheep Raised with Fermented Complete Feed Management

“…The MCV parameter of the sheep in the study was 30.46±3.38 fL that was considered to be in the normal limit of the textbook parameter (Byers and Kramer, 2010) at level 28.00-40.00 fL and consistent with the MCV of the sheep reported by Saeed et al(2019), which was at the level of 29.40±0.33 fL and also the MCV of the sheep with the CF supplemented with Exogenous Fibrinolytic Enzymes Cocktail, which was at the level of 27.00±0.25 fL (Beigh et al, 2018). The normal MCV parameter of the sheep in the study was consistent with the study of the sheep fed with Moringa oleifera leaf meal by (Jiwuba et al, 2016).…”

“…The MCHC parameter found in the study was at the level of 34.00±1.86 g/dL and in the normal limit according to textbooks (Byers and Kramer, 2010) that was at the level of 31.00-34.00 g/dL. It was also consistent with the MCHC level of the sheep fed with the CF supplemented with Exogenous Fibrinolytic Enzymes Cocktail, which was at the level of 34.06±0.45% (Beigh et al, 2018) and with the MCH level of the sheep reported by Saeed et al (2019), which was at the level of 36.30±0.17 g/dL. The normal MCV, MCH, and MCHC levels of the fat tail sheep in the study showed that there was not any anemia indication in the sheep (Jiwuba et al, 2016) and Soul et al (2019).…”

“…The resulting triglyceride parameter in the study was 28.28±14.56 mg/dL considered to be in the normal range according to textbooks 8.85-36.28 mg/dL (Radostits et al, 2002), was consistent with the triglyceride level of the sheep fed with the CF supplemented with exogenous fibrinolytic enzymes cocktail (Beigh et al, 2018), which was at the level of 32.63±0.59 mg/dL. It was lower than the triglyceride level of the sheep reported by Saeed et al (2019), which was at the level of 23.59±1.16 mg/dL. The research showing that the sheep fed with the CF had a normal triglyceride level was consistent with the study by Beigh et al (2018).…”

Fermented Rubber Seed Kernel with Yeast in the Diets of Tropical Lactating Dairy Cows: Effects on Feed Intake, Hematology, Microbial Protein Synthesis, Milk Yield and Milk Composition

“…Hematological indices are related to nutritional status. They have been used to monitor and evaluate animal health and nutritional status, and the cause of an abnormality or dysfunction in ruminants is often assessed through blood analysis [ 37 ]. The inclusion of YERSEK did not affect hemogram indicators.…”