“…With the rapid growth of the high-speed railway over the last few decades, more attention has been focused on the development of copper alloys for their high strength, good electrical conductivity, satisfactory resistance to wear, and corrosion for contact wires [1]. Until now, plenty of research has been conducted to enhance the required properties of copper alloys by adding small amounts of alloying elements to them, such as Cr, Zr, Ag, Ni, and Mg [2][3][4][5][6]. Contact wire Cu-Mg alloys with lower production costs demonstrate ideal comprehensive properties and are considered the current preferred material for making contact wires for high-speed trains, of which the operating speed is more than 300 km/h [7,8].…”