Effects of crack cocaine on neurocognitive function

Hoff, Anne L.; Riordan, Henry; Morris, Laurette; Cestaro, Victor L.; Wieneke, Mary; Alpert, Robert; Wang, Gene‐Jack; Volkow, Nora D.

doi:10.1016/0165-1781(96)02758-8

Cited by 138 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The general pattern of poorer inhibitory control in cocaine users is consistent with the extant literature (Bolla et al, 1999;Fillmore and Rush, 2002;Hester and Garavan, 2004), although intact performance has also been reported (Bolla et al, 2004;Goldstein et al, 2001;Hoff et al, 1996). It is possible that some of the cause of inconsistency lies with sampling power, primarily the number of observations, as both current tasks indicate a significant cocaine-related deficit when inhibitory performance is averaged across within-task conditions.…”

Section: Inhibitory Controlsupporting

confidence: 84%

Post-Error Behavior in Active Cocaine Users: Poor Awareness of Errors in the Presence of Intact Performance Adjustments

Hester

Simões‐Franklin

Garavan

2007

Neuropsychopharmacol

108

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Active cocaine abusers have a diminished neural response to errors, particularly in the anterior cingulate cortex thought critical to error processing. The inability to detect, or adjust performance following errors has been linked to clinical symptoms including the loss of insight and perseverative behavior. We investigated the cognitive implications of this diminished error-related activity, using response inhibition tasks that required error awareness and performance adaptation. Twenty-one active cocaine users (six female subjects, mean age ¼ 40.3) and 22 non-drug using adults (six female subjects, mean ¼ 39.9) participated. The results indicated that cocaine users consistently demonstrated poorer inhibitory control, a deficit accompanied by reduced awareness of errors. Adaptation of post-error reaction times did not differ between groups, although a different measure of adaptive behavior: exerting inhibitory control on the trial immediately after failing to inhibit, was significantly poorer in the cocaine using sample. In summary, cocaine users demonstrated a diminished capacity for monitoring their behavior, but were able to perform post-error adjustment to processes not already suffering an underlying deficit. These difficulties are consistent with previous reports of cocaine-related hypoactivity in the neural system underlying cognitive control, and highlight the potential for cognitive dysfunction to manifest as behavioral deficits that likely contribute to the maintenance of drug dependence.

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Section: Inhibitory Controlsupporting

confidence: 84%

Post-Error Behavior in Active Cocaine Users: Poor Awareness of Errors in the Presence of Intact Performance Adjustments

Hester

Simões‐Franklin

Garavan

2007

Neuropsychopharmacol

108

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“…Hoff et al, 1996;Bolla et al, 1999). These findings suggest that this area of cognitive functioning may only be affected by chronic, dependent cocaine use.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Neuropsychological effects associated with recreational cocaine use

et al. 2012

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“…Significant impairments on clinical neuropsychological (e.g., Stroop test, WCST) and experimental measures of executive control (e.g., Go/No-go task, Eriksen Flanker task, Simon Task) have been identified in a range of dependent drugusing groups (Hoff et al 1996;Bolla et al 1999Bolla et al , 2000Simon et al 2000;Rosselli et al 2001;Fillmore and Rush 2002;Salo et al 2002;Simon et al 2002;Solowij et al 2002;Kalechstein et al 2003b;Goldstein et al 2004;Lundqvist 2005;Li et al 2006;Verdejo-Garcia et al 2006;McHale and Hunt 2008). Neuroimaging studies have identified an association between these executive control deficits and dysfunction in prefrontal (particularly dorsolateral and inferior frontal), anterior cingulate, and orbitofrontal regions (Bolla et al 2001(Bolla et al , 2003(Bolla et al , 2004Goldstein et al 2001;Franklin et al 2002;Paulus et al 2002;Kaufman et al 2003;Hester and Garavan 2004;Gruber and Yurgelun-Todd 2005;London et al 2005;Tapert et al 2007;Paulus et al 2008).…”

Section: Executive Control Dysfunction In Addicted Drug Usersmentioning

confidence: 99%