Effects of cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus and bacterial contamination on growth and development of the corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Effects of Bacillus thuringiensis toxin Cry1Ac and cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (HaCPV) on cotton bollworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

“…Some of studies indicated that combination of CPV and B. thuringiensis produced higher mortality than either CPV or B. thuringiensis in alone for control of forest pests (Katagiri et al, 1977(Katagiri et al, , 1978(Katagiri et al, , 1976Ying, 1986). Bong and Sikorowski (1991) reported that CPV acted synergistically in combination with bacterial contaminant (B. subtilis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and pseudomonas maltophilia) to further adversely affect growth and development of Helicoverpa zea. The use of contaminant-free insects provides a lower mortality rate when exposed to CPV (Sikorowski and Lawrence, 1994).…”

Influence ofPseudomonas fluorescens–Induced Plant Defenses on Efficacy of Nucleopolyhedrovirus ofHelicoverpa armigerain Okra and Tomato

“…are being exploited commercially for plant protection and to induce systemic resistance against diseases (Harish et al, 2008;Nandakumar et al, 2001). Recently there have been reports on PGPR-mediated ISR against insects but these are restricted to very few crops (Bong and Sikorowski, 1991;Ramamoorthy et al, 2001). Present investigations indicated that delivery of P. fluorescens as a seed treatment and a foliar spray could reduce the larval and pupal weights more than either seed or foliar application alone of P. fluorescens.…”

“…Currently, the plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) Pseudomonas spp.-mediated induced systemic resistance (ISR) is being exploited for direct management of several plant diseases (Harish et al, 2008;Nandakumar et al, 2001) and indirectly against certain insects (Ramamoorthy et al, 2001). Bong and Sikorowski (1991) reported that Pseudomonas maltophilia Hugh and Ryschenkow 1961 affected larval growth of Heliothis zea Boddie, leading to more than 60% reduction in adult emergence due to ISR. Relative growth rate, consumption rate, and digestibility of feed by H. armigera were affected in larvae fed on cotton plants treated with Pseudomonas gladioli Severini due to increased polyphenol and terpenoid contents (Qingwen et al, 1998).…”

Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria of Cotton Affecting the Developmental Stages of Helicoverpa Armigera

“…The treatment with cell suspension obtained, at 72 h and 96 h caused more larval mortality which might be attributed to increased bacterial cell concentration. Bong and Sikorowski (1991) had observed that the diet contaminated with the bacterium P. maltophila not only resulted in 60% reduction in adult emergence but also recorded higher pupal and adult malformations. Chestnut sprayed with P. fluorescens resulted in 20% weevil mortality (Yaman et al 1999).…”