Effects of Dayak Onion Bulbs (Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb) on Bone Development of the Hipoestrogen Model Rat.

Abstract

Background:Eleutherinol is a naphtoquinone derivative that has strong affinity to bind with estrogen alpha receptors (ERα). This compound can be found in Dayak Onion Bulbs (Eleutherine bulbosa Mill.). Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of Dayak Onion Bulbs extract on the growth of the bone of hypoestrogen model rat. Methods: A total of 36 female white rats of Sprague-Dawley were divided into 6 groups. All 6 groups receive CMC Na 0,5% (sham group), CMC Na 0,5% (negative group), tamoxifen (positive group), three level of dayak onion bulbs extract doses namely dose 8 mg/ 200 g, 12 mg/ 200 g , and 18 mg/ 200 g. All groups, except the sham, is ovariectomized to obtain the conditions of hypoestrogen. After ovariectomy, all rats were evaluated for the success of ovariectomy on day 35, followed by the administration of the extracts by oral administration for 21 days. After 21 days administration, the level of bone calcium, bone weight, and bone length were measured by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. Results: Dayak onion bulbs extract at dose 3 (18 mg/200 g BW) could increase significantly bone calcium level, bone weight, and bone legnth of hypoestrogen rat. Conclusion: The results showed that Dayak onion bulbs extract could be developed to be a drug for menopause woman in the future.

Biology and bulb production of Eleutherine bulbosa (Iridaceae), a native species from Borneo, Indonesia

“…Biological activities of the bulb extracts have been reported, including inhibit bacterial growth particularly Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Jiang et al, 2020). E. bulbosa bulb extracts could increase bone calcium level and bone weight (Bahtiar and Annisa, 2018), decrease the lipid profile of hypoestrogenic of rat, due to binding of eleutherinol to the estrogen receptors (Purnamasari and Bahtiar, 2018). The biological activities of E. bulbosa bulb extracts was correlated to its antioxidant content, including flavonoids and phenols (Preethy et al, 2016;Shi et al, 2018).…”

Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb. Bulb: Review of the Pharmacological Activities and Its Prospects for Application

“…The combination of the extracts could also be able to alleviate the level of fat in the bone marrow of the rats, suggesting that a potential application could be further extrapolated in osteoporosis management in post-menopausal women. Similarly, in another study conducted by Bahtiar and Annisa [90], the bulb of E. bulbosa significantly increased the calcium level, weight, and bone length in hypoestrogenic rats compared to the tamoxifen-induced group. Other studies also indicated that the E.bulbosa bulb could reduce lipids in ovariectomized rats [91].…”

Anticoagulant Activity of Dayak Onion Bulb (Eleutherine bulbosa) Extract on Human Blood Samples

“…The use of Dayak onion bulb (Eleutherine bulbosa) as an anticoagulant was based on the presence of eleutherinol content. Eleutherinol was a compound derived from naphthoquinone in Dayak onion bulb extract, which has the potential to reduce the rate of blood clotting (9) .…”

“…These Dayak onion bulbs have been studied for their phytochemical compounds including alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenols, monoterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids as well as quinones which have antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties (8) . One of the chemical compounds of Dayak onion bulbs, namely eleutherinol, can prevent hypertension, lower cholesterol levels in the blood, reduce fat blood levels, prevent atherosclerosis, reduce prothrombin, platelet anti-aggregation activity (9,10,11) .…”