Effects of DDAVP Administrated Subcutaneously in Dogs with Aspirin-induced Platelet Dysfunction and Hemostatic Impairment due to Chronic Liver Diseases.

Abstract

ABSTRACT. To evaluate the hemostatic effects of desmopressin (DDAVP) in dogs with aspirin-induced platelet dysfunction and hemostatic impairment in chronic liver diseases, 3 µg/kg DDAVP was administrated subcutaneously. In aspirin-induced platelet dysfunction dogs (n=5), prolonged BMBT (buccal mucosal bleeding time) was shortened significantly after DDAVP injection (2.2 ± 1.2 min, P<0.05). In dogs with chronic liver diseases (n=4), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) tended to shorten by 0.9 to 3.0 sec, and prolonged BMBT was shortened in two cases for 4.2 and 1.7 min after DDAVP injection. Therefore, the present results indicated that DDAVP shortened the prolonged BMBT in dogs with aspirin-induced platelet dysfunction and chronic liver disease. DDAVP might be helpful in hemostasis under invasive procedures such as biopsy or surgery for dogs with hemostatic impairment. KEY WORDS: aspirin-induced platelet dysfunction, canine, chronic liver disease, DDAVP, hemostasis.

Coagulation in hepatobiliary disease

“…However, correction of this deficit with platelet transfusion in people is not always associated with a decreased risk of bleeding . A case series evaluating 2 dogs (one with cirrhosis and one with CH) that had prolonged BMBT documented that coagulation times improved but did not normalize when these dogs were treated with desmopressin . Neither of the dogs in this study developed complications after liver biopsy …”

“…Platelet transfusions in thrombocytopenic patients are not typically used due to the expense and very short duration of effect, but may be considered in life‐threatening situations with platelet counts < 10.0 × 10 9 /L . If a thrombocytopathia is suspected, the use of desmopressin may be beneficial …”

Effect of desmopressin on hemochromocytometric and clotting parameters in healthy blood donor dogs

“…It has been reported that DDAVP shortened prolonged bleeding time in human patients with aspirin-induced PLT dysfunction and prolonged bleeding, and activated a PTT in cases of chronic liver diseases (Cattaneo et al 1990, Kam 1994, Manucci 1997. In dogs, the infusion of DDAVP at a dose of 0.6 μg/kg had no significant effect on PLT count and PCV, and a subcutaneous injection of DDAVP at a dose of 3 μg/kg in healthy dogs did not induce significant changes in PLT count (Sakai et al 2003).…”

“…In the dog, increases in the plasma content of FVIII and vWf seem to be dose-dependent (Johnson et al 1986), and because of this characteristic, DDAVP is widely used for the treatment of patients with von Willebrand diseases, haemophilia A. It has also been used with good haemostatic effect in a variety of different disorders characterized by impaired platelet function and prolonged bleeding time, including congenital platelet dysfunctions, uraemia, liver cirrhosis and platelet dysfunction caused by drugs such as aspirin, both in human (Sutor 2000) and dog (Johnstone 1999, Sakai et al 2003. The haemostatic effect of DDAVP probably involves additional cellular effects that remain to be discovered (Kaufmann and Vischer 2003).…”

Effects of dipyrone, meloxicam, or the combination on hemostasis in conscious dogs

“…The use of desmopressin promptly reduced BMBT to times ranging from 3 to 4 minutes and allowed surgery to be carried out without abnormal bleeding in all animals . Although BMBT may be considered as a useful test for detecting primary hemostatic disorders resulting from aspirin‐induced platelet dysfunction, it appears that therapeutic doses of nonselective COX inhibitors such as ketoprofen do not consistently prolong BMBT. Preoperative ketoprofen administration to dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy, despite causing inhibition of platelet function, neither increased BMBT nor caused abnormal intraoperative bleeding in comparison to placebo‐treated animals .…”